>Only 'ur Lord can Save us
Martin 'country parson' Heidegger
>The Greeks were Gay
Michel "crypto-normativist" Focault
>Nietzsche was a feminist, no really
Jacques ">>>clarity" Derrida
>Gulags? Which Gulags!?!?
Jean-Paul "pull oneself up into existence by the hair, out of the swamps of nothingness" Sartre
>The second of Nietzsche's errors is the completely false way in which he assesses the relation between morality and life, treating them as if they were opposites
Thomas "Fuck the French" Mann
Why was there no orthodox (or even intellectually honest) successor to Nietzsche during the 20th century? Why did we have to wait 100 years for the appearance of Alex Kierkegaard? Was the period too tumultuous? Do you require the benefits of hindsight and privilege in order to affirm a passing era?
Also, how likely do you think A. Kierkegaard's thoughts on the 20th century are what Nietzsche himself would have summarised? Where do they disagree?
>>1718137
there's no successor to nietzsche because nietzsche stands in a class of his own opposing the last 2,000 years of western thought
https://lolcow.wiki/wiki/Icycalm
what is this meme
Successor to Nietzsche in what? Talking to horses?
>>1718175
in his prodigal achievements within thought and expression.
Indisputably the centre of the world, right?
>>1718024
>Infested with Turks
No.
>>1718024
No magheralin is.
I can't even think of anything that city ever contributed to the world.
Redpill me on Heidegger, /his/
>>1717871
Just read Being and Time and an Introduction to metaphysics.
Bowden gives a bit of an introduction to his philosophy:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_os-ysZJM_I
>>1717871
He IS the redpill, one could say (his stuff on Heraclitus is excellent )
>>1717871
Waste of time.
Which conception of the Trinity has more Scriptural support, the Catholic one, or the Orthodox one?
the protestant one
>>1717767
Isn't that the same as the Catholic one?
the jehovas witnesses one
is heraclius the most underrated emperor of all time?
>The victorious conclusion of the Byzantine-sassanian war cemented Heraclius' position as one of history's most successful generals. He was hailed as "the new Scipio" for his six years of unbroken victories and for leading the Roman army where no Roman army had ever gone before.[64][144] The triumphal raising of the True Cross in the Hagia Sophia was a crowning moment in his achievements. Had Heraclius died then, he would have been recorded in history, in the words of Norman Davies, as "the greatest Roman general since Julius Caesar".[64] Instead, he lived through the Arab invasions, losing battle after battle against their onslaught and tarnishing his reputation for victory. John Norwich succinctly described Heraclius as having "lived too long".[149]
his whole life reads like a greek play
>>1717712
He was the sole cause why the Byzantine front collapsed to Sassanians. Phokas was quite effective in defending the border until Heraclius appeared.
The whole fame that Heraclius enjoys is mostly just propaganda employed by the dynasty he founded.
>>1717712
John J Norwich's books are dope. I'm reading "The Middle Sea: a History of the Mediterranean"
>>1717833
t. Phocas
What is it about Russia that Westerners and even Russians don't understand?
Napoleon couldn't believe that anyone could be so insane as to burn their own capital. He was wrong.
Hitler thought the Soviet Union would collapse and that their people would be unwilling to defend it. He was wrong.
The rest of the world thought the Soviet Union would never collapse. They were wrong. It collapsed without any foreign boots on their ground.
What is the Russian mystery? Is it just nihilism?
>>1717585
Moscow wasn't Russia's capital in napoleonic times.
Russia is like the guy that was born in a dumpster behind arctic circle and had to do whatever he had to do to survive. No wonder silverspoon fed fuckers don't get him.
>>1717585
In the modern era?
It's literally just propaganda. Russia lies to itself and the world, and has been doing so non-stop since the 40's.
It's not an open society with free press, so good information doesn't come out, and what we do get tends to be fucking useless.
It's hard to understand a people who've been fed bullshit for so long that they believing it, while simultaneously assuming everything is a plot (because it probably is) while also being drunk and suffering a multi-decade national identity crisis.
Was private property ever developed independent of European influence?
What is China
>>1717581
Yes
Property and possession are associative values; they only mean any thing to the people that put trust into those constructs.
There are two modes in which one can own property.
Personal property:
By association alone, one simply assumes property ownership as a form of value relative to their own identity. For example, I like green, and my sister likes pink; we simply assume ownership of anything given to us that is either green or pink, according to our preference. The conflict exists if we both like blue, and we're presented with 1 item that's blue, and the item then goes to the one who can prove more ownership of that value.
State-protected property:
In feudal theory, the state is the greatest source of war because it has nothing to do with the people who live on the land but the state that owns the land rights (which only exist on paper). If two states assume the same land, they cause a solution-less conflict, because the people (regardless of whether they identify as one state or another) are forced to be a part of one state whether or not they associate with that state. The state of poland, for example, has no right to the Germans who live in Poland, thus it should have been part of German soil. However, Germany had no right to subject all Germans to the same state or government either, as the Germans in Germany might consider themselves ethnically different than the Germans in Austria.
To clarify, I'm asking about private property in the sense of society demanding that contracts and deeds are used to exchange individually owned resources and prove owership. Not hereditary or obligation based societies.
Why didn't the US send blacks back to Africa after the civil war instead of making legislature and amendments giving them citizenship?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberia
>>1717551
still doesn't explain why it wasn't made policy in America
>>1717557
Blacks didn't want to be a part of a colony as non citizens
They wanted to be US citizens and only 13 000 made the trip which is pretty small.
This is sort of a /sci/ question, but it's also a question of epistemology, which is why I'm posting it here.
Since mathematics are basically just a tool, does pure math actually teach us truth? That is, are those devoted to that study actually learning the truth? My gf is doing a double-major in theology and pure mathematics, and she plans to get a PhD in both (or actually not one in theology, she plans to get one in Patristics, but she's majoring in theology), and she calls them the "purest pursuits of truth", but afaik maths, of itself, is not the pursuit of truth, but I don't want to make a fool of myself in front of her since she knows way more about maths than I do even if I'm right.
>>1717362
It's an open question whether mathematical truths actually exist, but the idea that they do (known as mathematical platonism/mathematical realism) has slightly more supporters in philosophy than the opposing view. I suggest reading the SEP articles on mathematical platonism and nominalism if you want a survey of the arguments on each side.
>>1717362
Well when you say, "truth," I imagine you mean something like, 'truth of about how the universe actually is' or something along these lines. I imagine that this question is up for debate, but math definitely gives us logical truths that are of a pure form (however they still rely on some pre-held beliefs like the law of non-contradiction). That is to say, there are truths within the field of math. For example, 2+2=4. So the sentence, two plus two equals four has a truth value of true. In this way, there is truth involved in math. However, 2+2=4 isn't telling us much; it's only telling us that 4=4. So in this way, math's 'type of truth' is not very informative. Leibniz said that all logical apriori truth (math, for example) boils down to this type of truth. The type that only tells us what we already know; 4=4, all bachelors are unmarried men, etc.
>>1717390
>The type that only tells us what we already know
So there are never any mathematical breakthroughs in her field, basically
Evidence for reincarnation
>he doesn't know about the conspiracy theory that posits all major Hollywood actors are clones of the first rulers of civilization
>he doesn't know Rihanna is a clone of an Egyptian queen
>he doesn't know Leonardo DiCaprio is a clone of PIE warlord
>>1717354
Why didn't some other country come in to fuck Japan up during the Sengoku period?
>>1717207
None of them could or wanted to.
Japan has literally nothing worth having except qt Jap women.
Because it's far as fuck from anybody even capable of mounting a force that could accomplish that and typhoons
What was the most interesting American election/election cycle? (pre-1992)
Also, any good books on past elections and their leadup campaigns?
>>1716871
Even the swedes of the 80s were cucks
>>1716879
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_Colors_(novel)
Why are many contemporary left-wing people against Trotsky?
What are the critiques to him?
mostly because trostkytes will create division in any cause they join
>>1716757
This. Trots are immense pissbabbys who seek to subvert other leftwing groups to their cause.
They're eternally butthurt that Trotsky was kicked out before he could actually really try anything about governing Russia.
Between the fall of the roman empire and the enlightenment is a pretty broad time period, and my question is pretty general, so I'll try to word it as best as I can.
It seems to me, that as far as laws went there were far fewer, and people were more free in most domains. Excepting blasphemy and stealing from nobility it seems like the government pretty much left you alone. In fact it seems like there wasn't really a government in the sense of there being a public entity like there is today. It seems like people had great respect for private property and that kingdoms were considered private property of the kings/local lords.
I made most of these assumptions from reading The Prince and The Black Arrow, which was fictional. I don't know much about this time period, but I'm really interested in what was a typical worldview around this time.
So anything anyone knows, or any theories anyone has I would be interested to read.
You're entirely at the behest of whatever noble/king/town boss is ruling over you. I'm sure some were benevolent but it was basically like the mafia. Either pay your taxes or get your farm taken away and your kneecaps broken.
Bad crop yield this season? Fuck you, pay me.
Entire family contracted a plague? Fuck you, pay me.
Footmen from the village down the road looted your stores? Fuck you, pay me.
Don't forget that a big component of government are the watchdog agencies making sure the executive plays by the rules.
>>1716670
a good dichotomy you can use is survival values vs decadent values
in the middle ages, what kept you from getting killed or starving to death was good. thus, marrying young was good. preserving virginity was good. killing your enemy was good.
this seems to be a scheme that applies universally.
today we have fulfillment/hedonic values. whatever brings pleasure is good, sometimes up to and beyond the point of hurting people to get what you want. modern riots are a good example o this "I WANT it, and it makes me pleasure, therefore it's good, and you can't kill rioters."
enforcement of medieval law was spread out among all people because survival generally entailed the same thing for all people. no stealing, no promiscuous sex (which could lead to starvation,) so centralized law wasn't needed.
centralized law only came to be necessary once disparate values for "what makes someone feel good" had to be universally enforced by gunpoint.
that said, the world wasn't kinder back then. you could do whatever you could get away with. private property of kings wasn't off the table for theft, it's just that it eventually evolved into an equilibrium of hostage negotiations being more valuable than outright murder between competitors.
read about nash equilibria n competetive games. medieval dynamisc cold be adequately framed in such terms
>>1716697
a lord could be more easily killed by his own citizens than by a rival lord.
lords were lords because they were killers, let's nt mince words, but so are modern day presidents, even the democrats.
taxes were extremely hard to collect until the late feudal period. they could incite rebellions, they could starve your peasantry and reduce future yields (this was more common among stupid sand niggers than among whites, who are capable of thinking about the future) there was also the matter of your tax collectors stealing from YOU.
history isn't a grimdark fantasy. as time went on, people slowly became nicer and evolved institutions of trust. the church helped a great deal in this
What do you think about Marcus Garvey and his plan of repatriating black people to Africa
I don't think that's what Africa really needs 2bh
Jokes on African-Americans aside, doesn't the educated diaspora benefit the countries they migrated from to some degree? Most of them probably send money to their relatives on a regular basis.
>>1716648
Libera is a complete failure, and if Garvey was alive when it collapsed I wonder what he would have thought.
Ridiculous but hey, he tried something