Daily maths challenge thread #1 (previously known as inter-major maths olympiad)
I admit the previous thread's problem wasn't worded perfectly, so this time I just cropped the problem text from the official source (IMO shortlist). This time we're having 2 problems, the first is a bit on the easy side and the second is harder. Feel free to discuss those problems and other similar ones. Let's stick to the maths stuff this time, okay?
Pic related is problem number 1.
And here's problem numer 2.
Cool, I remember the good days when we had those regularly. Keep it up. One question and one remark:
*) Why do you post the first one on Dec. 31 and not Jan. 1? Sure, I'm slightly autistic but this bugs me a little.
*) Can you try to make them not all just combinatorics? It's a little more work, but (if you're already posting more questions per thread, like here) posting problems of varying difficulty from another math field would be more interesting as those "one-off problems, where you use some trick you never use again for something else"
>>8572845
okay, but now to start thinking about it, I first went to Mathematica as I know it has a support for all the cellular automata shizzle (of course, Wolfram is among original automata meme masters), at least for making some pictures. If someone else is motivated, I haven't used this before and haven't tried enough to figure out how you specify change rules yet.
Btw. this is just to makes blinking gifs and gain some intuition for this kind of problems.
I think I just discovered new mathematics. What happens if we have a function like this:
f(x)=x.cos(x)
Yes that "." between the x and cos(x) is a decimal, but what will it look like if you graph it? How would you take the derivative or integral of something like this? Maybe I just thought of new math?!
Compare this to x + cos(x), x =/= πn...
>>8570042
so x + [cos(x) / 10]?
Really made me think
Why are modern day biologists so stupid?
DAS RACISS
>>8575364
>caucasian human
he looks like he's mixed up with some arab or european or something
>african human
and this one definitely got some whitewashing or he would look like a car tire
none of these species look like their original ethnic seed.
What strategies should one use to prove that some expression belongs to the set of natural numbers?
>>8573006
proof by contradiction for the reals and rationals
what do you mean by 'expression', a set?
>>8573011
Let's say one needs to prove that the square root of n^2+1 doesn't belong to the set of natural numbers. How does one go about doing this?
What I did was a proof by contradiction: first assume that it belongs to the set of natural numbers, then assume that this implies that this implies that this expression must be either pair or impair, which produces a contradiction.
I think I didn't do it correctly.
r8 my proof of the Pythagoras theorem.
Yes, it is a valid proof since you can derive Euler's formula without using Pythagoras.
>>8572918
I don't see any proof here. I can see where you're going, but you need to write it more clearly.
I don't think it's a very elegant proof, since you're using advanced tools (Euler's identity) to prove something rather simple.
>>8572918
Elegantly retarded. 6/10.
>>8572921
It's clear enough.
What are the needed background to learn Quantum electrodynamics ?
Pic: my city, Sao Paulo
>>8572814
As the name suggests - quantum mechanics and electrodynamics, plus points if you've done some basic quantum field theory.
Ryder's book on QFT covers some QED as far as I remember, start with that.
>>8572814
Physically, as >>8572853 said, but basically you need everything you learn in your introductory courses, you need special relativity, a lot (4-vectors should be very solid) and you need analytical mechanics (hamiltonian, Lagrangian, Noether's theorem etc).
Mathematically you need all the basic stuff, calculus, linear algebra, differential equations, PDEs, some functional stuff, complex analysis etc, but it's kind of specific and no matter how solid your math is, it will probably be very alien to you. The weirdest part of it is probably somewhere within the gamma matrices. It's not that it's super hard, it's just very weird and you need to get used to it a lot before you actually understand what the fuck you are doing. There's also some QFT stuff that gets extremely weird, like regularization. But I suggest you leave that out at first and start with tree level stuff.
QED really is nothing that is easy to learn when you haven't done all the basic shit before that. It's basically the summit where everything you learn about physics during your undergrad years comes together in one theory. When the ideas presented seem to appear out of nowhere and equations are completely alien to you, it's best you first deal with the foundations it is build on in a little more detail.
>>8572864
Oh, and by the way, electrodynamics as >>8572853 is really not at all that important. What classical electrodynamics deal with is very removed from what you usually do with QED, so fuck it. Basically, what you need to know is Maxwell's equations in the field tensor formulation, that's the only important part. When you see the equation [math]\partial_\mu F^{\mu\nu} = j^\nu[/math] you should understand what you see and you should be able to derive the inhomogenous Maxwell's equations from it. The whole other stuff you usually do with electrodynamics doesn't really matter at all. You should of course know about the phenomenology, but I guess that shouldn't be too much of a problem.
is there a prime equal to its position in the sequence of primes?
if i understand what youre trying to say, no because any prime is strictly larger than its position # since most numbers arent primes
i.e. p_1 = 2 > 1
p_2 = 3 > 2
p_3 = 5 > 3
>>8572815
Kek, OP did not think 5 seconds before posting.
>>8572813
Really dude? How in the hell would that even work?
What do you think about the virus prof. Kawaoka and his team made?
Pic related
http://newstarget.com/2016-06-30-us-scientist-has-created-a-virus-capable-of-wiping-out-humanity.html
>>8572804
damn it, that was what I wanted to do
gonna switch majors now
>>8572831
always two there are, no more, no less
change majors you must not
>>8572804
For what reason?
Is there any links to learn about electronics better? I don't get how 4 AAS wrapped in foil won't light this LED up. Also I don't know what these most of these parts do.
>>8572489
you have to shake your battery pack to get the juices flowing
>>8572489
What the fuck? Are you for real? Please be bait...
>>8572516
This
Hi /sci/, I would like to know what you think about the problem in the picture. I have 2 different solutions for it and I'm thinking it's appropriate for a high school maths olympiad. Can it be generalized any further by extension of the domain or codomain, for example?
Fuck my life, I forgot to mention that a and c are fixed reals such that a>0 and c>1.
>>8571145
Are you just trying to troll us with this shit typesetting? What the fuck is "- >" ?
>>8571242
leave the board
I was watching an iq squared debate the other day, and this happened
> Moderator: Panelist A, you have supported Trump and green efforts in the past, so how do you feel about Trump calling climate change a hoax?
> Panelist A: Well, I'm actually a lot more of a climate skeptic than my resume might lead people to believe. However, I think there are a lot of good reasons to be green despite climate change, e.g. building sustainable energy, promoting biodiversity, etc., so I'm still a green activist. Being green doesn't imply belief in climate change.
At this point the crowd is booing
>Panelist B: That's absurd, of course being green implies supporting climate change.
And the subsequent consensus of the panelists seemed to be that the only good reason to be green was for climate change. Since I have similar opinions to the former panelist, I was wondering if this was a common belief. Is fear of the apocalypse the only good reason to be green?
>>8571081
Earth is a tetrahedron
pls respond
>>8571335
here's your response
keep up a good job
When was the last time you revealed your power level to brainlets /sci/?
e
At a grocery store late at night
Checker talking about human rights
Tell him rights don't exist
He starts stammering
Tell him to have a nice night.
>green text fy17
Calling my students stupid and reminding them that they will never succeed in life.
If time was the 4th dimension and we managed to control it, does that mean our actions have already been played put and that our lives have already been decided?
>>8570368
Yes.
and if you go further by imaging a fifth dimension. You will understand that each of your choices are already decided/performed and each action create a separate branched universe in a multiverse, thus meaning that the concept of "Freewill" simply does not exist.
>>8570368
No, because there is no way to control time.
Consider a projectile being launched as in pic related. With a certain angle, speed, and a constant for gravity, along any air friction if you want.
in this two dimensional picture you can see the whole trajectory of the projectile, from start to finish. Once the ball was thrown, every point in it's trajectory was determined. You could even consider the horizontal axis to represent time.
The rich will become ‘God-like cyborgs’: Historian claims the wealthy will transform into a new type of human within 200 years.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3096393/The-rich-God-like-cyborgs-Historian-claims-wealthy-transform-new-type-human-200-years.html
Is this true?
>>8569033
>Trusting a jew
I think I found your problem
>>8569033
>historian
>>8569033
>Historian
Remember my post yesterday where I said I bought some Frozen DHMO on Amazon and that I was going to kill my cheating gf tomorrow?
Well today is tomorrow and she's going to go to the 24hr Planet Fitness gym with her new bottle.
Equipped with Frozen DHMO that looks just like ice cubes.
RIP Bitch.
It should take about 10 minutes from her drinking it.
She'll probably die on the treadmill and the medical examiner will think she just died from having a shitty heart.
Cool story, bro
but why would you do that?
>>8572642
> not realising what dhmo is