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Are there any good comparisons of the ancient to classical irrigation systems?
Also Roman Irrigation > Chinese Irrigation > Indian Irrigation
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>>302846
Chinese toilet paper > Roman Public Buttsponges >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>Indian Hands.
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>>302846
>Indian
>irrigation
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>>302870
Can someone explain to me why India turned into this? What has to happen in a culture for it to develope such unhealthy relationship to shit.
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What are Albanians - illyrians; thracians; dacians ?
Where did they come from?
Why is their language so unique?
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first google, then ask (sorry!)
thracians. the larger "family" that dacians where a part too. so, today, they are more related to romanians then with any other populations in the area, that came under slavic influence (see macedonians for example). hope that was helpfull. for more info https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanians
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>tfw albanian
>tfw hitler thought you were based
feels good man
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>>302790
Geographically we can assume theyre illyrians AFAIK, and since their language is a special snowflake I'm guessing its a Thracian language. Truly the Albanians are the only natives to the balkans to survive.
They're mostly known for being thieves, both historically and contemporarely.
What social an cultural effect did ottoman rule have on the balkans aside from the introduction of islam ?
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lots of alcohol
didnt develop national pride until later
poverty
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>>302654
What do you mean with alcohol I'm sure christian balkan people had alcohol before the ottomans .
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>>302618
Entire Europe had printing presses and an increasingly literate and educated population from the 15th century onwards: Renaissance, Enlightenment, Age of Reason.
The Ottoman empire banned the printing press.
By the 19th century, the Swedish peasant population was over 80% literate, the Balkan one were still probably 99% illiterate.
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>zizek then
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgR6uaVqWsQ
>"don't just act. think"
>zizek now
>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjxAArOkoA0
>"Let ALL the refugees in, what are you waiting for, you inhuman bastards, LET EVERYONE IN! Behead those who insult islam, don't even think about questioning it!"
what happened?
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>>302407
He started to write for The Guardian
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>>302407
>that beard
>that haircut
>wearing just a t-shirt
>"hur dur all capitalists are willing to beat their workers for profit :D:D"
This isn't a philosopher. This is just a pseudo-intellectual rambling at a camera. Shameful that real modern philosophers like Elliot Hulse get no mention, yet this guy is known throughout the board.
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>>302448
>Shameful that real modern philosophers like Elliot Hulse get no mention
Who was number two after Hitler in the NS chain of command?
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>>302365
It changed over time, and no one person really was "second" in command
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>>302365
Goebbels I guess.
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Depends on the specific field, it can be one or more of the following:
Himmler
Hess
Bormann
Goebbles
Speer
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Were the crusades a response to the aggression of Muslims and the rapid expansion of Islam?
If people are so quick to bring up the crusades and Christianity being negative parts of our history, why won't they also admit that Muslims and Islam are serving the same purpose in our modern world?
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>>302330
We do it.
In the daily Crusades vs Ummayad Expanion thread.
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>>302356
i don't see one in the catalog so can this be it for the day?
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>>302330
>Muslim armies invaded France.
No, that was just a fairly small raiding party that got caught in a skirmish.
I'm no fan of Islam and I think it's important to put the crusades into the context of Islamic expansion, but hot damn that post reeks of bias. Factual events unnecessarily skewed.
Also, not sure how he couldn't find anything notable between 848 and 1059.
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We're told in the middle ages European monarchs would only bathe a few times in their life.
Is this true, or is it another 'dark ages' myth?
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it was a baroque thing
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>>302292
Charlemagne built his palace in a irrelevant spa.
The moar you know.
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>>302317
The Byzantines mistook Charlemagne's palace for a horse stable
Anonymous
The Fall of the Roman Republic 2015-11-25 20:23:14 Post No.302279
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The Fall of the Roman Republic 2015-11-25 20:23:14 Post No.302279
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The Fall of the Roman Republic
Anonymous
2015-11-25 20:23:14
Post No. 302279
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Who did it ?
I mean, it's obviously something that Rome couldn't avoid, as a long process which took end with Augustus. But why did it collapse, and (and it's my main question), who is responsible ?
Marius ? Sulla ? Pompeius ? Caesar ? Marcus Antonius ?
I know they are all responsible, but still, who wanted to be a king ?
My thoughts are for Tiberius Gracchus, who fucked up the tribunus plebus, creating a real political power from something that was meant to be really useful, and not used as a step in a political career.
I think too about Marius as responsible for the death of the Republic : he had seven consulate and was the very first "imperator" (first century style).
About Sylla, I may be naive but I think that the dude really tried to save the Republic. Maybe that he was a dictator, but he left his charge voluntarily and really tried to make the cursus honorum OK (Gracchus brothers and Marius completely fucked it up). What do you think of him ?
Sorry for the bad english
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But like Sulla, Marius and the Gracchi were trying to save the Republic. They saw different problems than did Sulla, obviously, but I think all those people still had more or less benevolent motivations. It's in the next generation that people are really trying to take advantage of the disorder caused by the first Civil War. Crassus grasped for power, Pompey for glory, and Caesar for both. I think the first Triumvirate is where personal gain became more important than the public good. By the time of Augustus's generation it was more a question of who would rule the republic rather than how it would be restored.
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Marcus Aurelius jinxed it with his son becoming emperor
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>>302279
Augustus ultimately felled it. He's the one who finally became a true emperor. Caesar may have been working to it but while he was alive the senate still had its power.
Anonymous
French population growth during the XIX century 2015-11-25 20:16:25 Post No.302238
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French population growth during the XIX century 2015-11-25 20:16:25 Post No.302238
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French population growth during the XIX century
Anonymous
2015-11-25 20:16:25
Post No. 302238
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We discuss the causes, consequences, and everything related to the stagnation of France's population growth during the XIX century.
>France was historically the largest nation of Europe. During the Middle Ages more than one quarter of Europe's population was French; during the 17th century it was still one fifth.
>Starting around 1800, the historical evolution of the population in France has been extremely atypical in the Western World. Unlike the rest of Europe, there was no strong population growth in France in the 19th century and first half of the 20th century. The birth rate in France diminished much earlier than in the rest of Europe.
>The French population only grew by 8.6% between 1871 and 1911, while Germany's grew by 60% and Britain's by 54%.
>If the population of France had grown between 1815 and 2000 at the same rate as that of Germany during the same time period, France's population would have been 110 million in 2000; If France's population had grown at the same rate as that of England and Wales, France's population could have been as much as 150 million in 2000. Should one start the comparison at the time of King Louis XIV, then France would now have approximately the same population as the United States.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_France#1800_to_20th_century
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Maybe they started to approach the limit of how much population France could actually support?
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>until 1795 metropolitan France was the most populous country of Europe, above even Russia, and the third most populous country in the world, behind only China and India
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>>302238
diseases and they were not the first to industrialize is what I would guess
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Stonewall was the best general of the american civil war
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The only time he did really good was his Valley campaign, everything else was middling at best, but just as often it was absolutely awful. The guy was in no way fit for anything but independent command, he was at least as bad of a field commander as Sherman.
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>mfw the southern aristocracy had him assassinated because they knew he'd lead a successful coup
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Has America produced even a single great general?
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Questions that don't deserve their own thread thread
Why did Macedonian go from a Hellenic language to a Slavic one?
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>>302126
slavic population migrated eventually, squeezed out greeks. Nobody wanted to take that piece of land so they became independent.
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Because the current day "Macedonians" are Slavs that settled there later.
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>>302126
It didn't.
Macedonia as a region became split between Slavs and Greeks, and the Slavs living there spoke a dialect of Bulgarian which they named Macedonian. Then they started pretending they're real Macedonians and always have been.
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>he's an atheist
>his only idea of God is a sky daddy/judge/warrior/righteous king figure
>he can't into mysticism
why are atheists still tripping over themselves to disprove the existence of literally sunday school-tier caricatures of the Divine?
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>>301857
Do you believe God has intelligence? Do you believe God has intentions?
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>>301857
If everything has a cause, effect, and explanation, then divinity does not exist.
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>>301872
Plz answer, OP. What's your concept of God, so I can argue against it.
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http://www.paulgraham.com/philosophy.html
Thoughts on this essay? /lit/ is chimping out over it and I think they're being retarded.
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>>301812
Before posting a link could you at least give some context? The general summary of the article and is it worth reading?
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>>301832
stemlord tries his hand at philosophy
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>>301812
>someone who himself admits he doesn't understand philosophy tries to describe it and pinpoint its problems
What to rename the middle ages, or the period between antiquity and the Renaissance/age of discovery?
I think calling it the Nomad Era or Age of Steppe and Desert is a pretty fitting description.
The biggest world event in the middle ages is the emergence of the first Caliphates,
thereafter you have the domination of the Old World by steppe people; Mamelukes, Turks and finally Mongols.
With the entrance of the Renaissance nomad horse archers lost their advantage as firearms became widespread,
Eurasia became dominated by gun powder empires from Britain to the Bengal: Ottoman, Mughal and Safavid empires.
Of course, in Antiquity steppe people almost brought down the Roman and the Persian empires, but they were never successful.
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>>301767
Whats wrong with the Middle ages?
It's the middle, the period between antiquity and the start of the modern world.
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>>301801
How do you define Antiquity?
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>>301767
Antiquity, middle ages, rennaissance and age of discovery are periods of time that refer to the european/mediterranean world. When applied elsewhere, it's by association or to have an already well established time period as reference.
Your name doesn't make much sense when taking this into account. Feudal ages is a better name if you don't like middle ages.
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Why is freedom of religion considered socially desirable? Isn't it better for social cohesion if most people have similar beliefs?
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The freedom of religion allows someone to understand the fact that it's all the same truth spread through different mediums.
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>>301742
>Why is freedom of religion considered socially desirable?
Because you only get one life so people should be allowed to believe what they want
>Isn't it better for social cohesion if most people have similar beliefs?
It doesn't work that way, if you enforce a belief, if someone things differently you will have conflict. With freedom of religion, different thought is no problem and you have no conflict.