linguistics are humanities
discuss linguistics in here
i had an idea. why dont we make english 100% agglutinative (not inflected; that's different)? we can remove redundant root words and organize the dictionary by root word, prefixes, and suffixes. anything to make english more consistent!
>>340998
>english
>consistent
colour me surprised
>>340998
Because I like having lots of words and ways of pronouncing words.
It's fun.
>>341217
fun but not easy for foreigners and kids learning all that shitty spelling
>I must unite the tribes of the steppe under a single Khan
>I must unite all the dicks in one cereal bowl
>>340840
This guy triggers me quite a bit.
I can see where he comes from, he puts on a little contrarian spice to make things interesting and even brings his teacher into things.
I guess his weakness is that he's general history and also catering to people looking into general history, so when a war is generalized and the contrarian perspective is brought forth my jimmies start shaking.
>>340840
>I must unite all the kucks under one Chinese cartoon forum
Just how bad of an idea was the kamikaze /his/?
I understand the point was to strike fear but it seems like something out of desperation rather than any sort of winning strategy.Has there been any stupider ideas besides the kamikazi?
>>340763
Japan had no winning strategy by 1942. Kamikaze made perfect cultural sense in this context, which the IJA and IJN elites were fully aware of.
It was combat effective. Would have been tactically and maybe strategically effective. IF they had had the planes crash into troop transports instead of warships.
>>340763
>Some college graduates, who did not volunteer willingly, were pressured to circle "desire earnestly" in the survey.
>Many former students from Japan's elite colleges such as Tokyo, Kyoto, Keio and Waseda volunteered as kamikaze pilots in World War II.
The Kamikaze program was designed to weed out "liberal" minded educated citizens who the government thought were a risk of undermining the war effort.
is it possibly to be completely without faith? not just religion, faith in everything and anything
>>340685
Wouldn't that basically just end up being solipsism?
>>340685
Isn't that just being depressed?
>>340703
i guess there are leaps of faith in that too, you have to presume that you are real and you know what real is
You're dropped into the Sengoku period of Japanese history. You'll be able to choose what clan's territory you fall in and you'll miraculously be able to speak and write in native-level Japanese.
Furthermore, You're allowed to bring one object and three books (that'll be translated) with you.
What do you do?
>>340640
>Item: Finest Nippon Shteel, folded one thousand times in a fire made of burning doujins.
> Book One, Advanced Medival Siege Equipment and Advanced Powder Weapons
> Book Two, History of the Sengoku Jidai
> Book Three, Training and enabling an Army
Why go to the land of the sunset conquerors when the true children of the islands have been cast into the dark. With superior training and a bit of luck It's possible to capitalize on the chaos, remove the imperial line and reclaim the north half of Japan in a single lifetime. Get an army of Ainu, equip them with firearms superior to those the Japanese can import and make and slaughter the southern invaders.
>>340640
uesugi
a book on military tactics, a book on military technology, a book on developing technology
a gun to show i'm not bullshitting around
>implying they would listen to a gaijin neckbeard
Suppose America never went past the Appalachian mountains. How would the Native Americans develop if America never went Manifest Destiny on their asses?
>>340384
They wouldn't spain already fucked up all the natives that had some semblance of higher society. All that was left of "american" indians of that period was shambles of the former mississipi river civilization and nomads who took spanish horses to the extreme like little american ghengis khans all squabbling for power.
Assuming no diseases were transmitted from contact with Europeans, they would probably spend the next century or more fighting small-scale wars, where groups that had access to European technology (weapons) and knowledge would have a huge advantage over their rivals. There would be no need to remove all the forests like European migrators did, since they could still practice a mixed hunting-gathering economy with limited agriculture.
Spain and France go Manifest Destiny on their asses. Then Russia comes in from the west.
How does the LTV explain pet rocks?
>>340283
Whose LTV? There are a lot of differences in what constitutes "labour" between Smith, Ricardo and Marx.
>>340313
>There are a lot of differences in what constitutes "labour" between Smith, Ricardo and Marx.
Not afaik. Could you illustrate with some passages which show they defined labor differently?
>>340330
Contribution to a critique of political economy on complex and simple labour as socially abstract labours.
Capital 1 on social labour, ie: abstract labour. Capital 1 on social necessity (realisation). Capital 1 on the commodity being sold being labour power the capacity to labour, rather than labour itself, solving the origin of surplus value in the difference between sustenance and worked hours.
Capital 1 isn't that long mate. You'd want to look for: social necessity (ie: the commodity actually being realised in circulation), labour (exertion) versus labour power (potential to exert), the determination of the wage by class struggle.
Pet rocks are mostly marketing costs, but there's obviously a real demand for such a commodity because they're realised. Compare to soda which is reliant on marketing for realisation, rather than production.
How can language reflect reality?
Language is an expression of reality. This whole "a representation of reality must reflect reality" meme needs to fucking die
>>340260
It does about as well as it can within the limitations of the human mind and body.
>>340260
Majoring in English will get you no job.
I'm interested in Colonial Africa. Specifically German and Portuguese colonies. How did they operate compared to the Belgians and French?
>>339989
We (portuguese) already had a long foothold on the coninent before other countries, so we quickly and effectively occupied the rest of the territory without much resistance from the natives.
We also developed the colonies with infrastructure, although keeping the natives with a low level of eductaion, at least in the early times.
Guiné was a fucking jungle with little resources, but had a good coast. Angola had natural resources out of its ass, and Moçambique was farms central.
Hydrothermal energy, railways, schools, ports, roads, etc were all built, especially on Angola.
Generally we, exploited the land and treated the natives better than what was usual.
Regarding the german colonies, I don't think they had much time to do anything with them.
>>339989
German East Africa was.... an oddity; I believe it was the best run of all the colonial regions. It was also the only German colony to meaningfully resist occupation during WW1.
The long and short of it is that the German administration in East Africa took the "White Man's Burden" and "Mission to Civilize" at face value. The quality of education in the region dropped significantly after administration shifted to the British.
>>340099
Fuck the Anglos
They ruin everything good and sacred
What would have happened to the USSR and the world in general if Lenin had survived until old age?
>>339918
He would have been poisoned/shot.
>>339918
More or less exactly what happened historically. An attempt to brutalise the urban proletariat while waiting for China / Germany to go off, followed by a hysteric heavy industry led capitalist development based on the extraction of surplus value through the proletarianisation of peasants.
The better question is: what would happen to the Soviet Union in a condition of general international revolution?
>>339972
Perhaps I should have said "What would have happened differently"
What do you know about Brazil's history?
WE WUZ EMPERORS
Jungle. Then emu hunters came down and started fishing. That went pretty well for a few thousand years. Then some Euros came and fucked that up. Then sugar cane and cattle. Then a lot of fishing. Then a puppet king, then some regular kings, then probably just plantations and shit. Then they were like "We're 90% slaves, fuck this shit," and got rid of their king.
Then some more Europeans came and were like "Woah, check out this fucking jungle!" Then everyone was like, "We ain't time for butterflys, fucking Nazis are everywhere" Then Brazil was lonely and so they started playing soccer.
After everyone else sorted out a new world order, Brazil was like "Look what I can do with this ball". Then they had to get rid of a king again I think because they stopped paying attention to that republic thing.
Now they are like, "We have a ton of shit to sell, let's sell this shit." And some people are like, "We wuz kingz, muh BRICS" and other people are like, "Fucking tin roofs in 2015, wtf" and so they are fighting about that. Also they stopped being good at soccer.
"Why did you depose Pedro II?"
>>Nowadays he is known to us as Constantine the Great, and with good reason: with the exceptions of Jesus Christ, the Prophet Mohammed, and the Buddha, he was to be perhaps the most influential man who ever lived
Agree/disagree? And if he's not number 1 (or four, whatever), where would you place him? I feel he should definitely be in the top 10.
He looks manly as fuck
>>339723
>Christ
>Muhammad
>Constantine
And heres Abraham bitterly masturbating in the corner.
>>339744
How do we overcome the problem of induction?
It's superstitious nonsense. Science doesn't have to worry about it before getting to work.
-A.J. Ayer
>>339718
>>339729
Well honestly he did present one way to overcome it.
How often were two handed swords used in medieval warfare? Who used them? What was their purpose?
to go for the kill when theyre out of lobbys
Two handed swords were more Renaissance than Medieval. Their purpose wasn't different from that of any other sword - self-defense and close quarters combat. Anyone with training could use them, but in Germany there arose a series of guilds that trained and accredited master swordsmen whose mark of rank sometimes involved their use of a large sword. This gave them rights to better pay than other recruits who lacked some other way to vouch for their talent as a fighter.
>>339639
>How often were two handed swords used in medieval warfare?
Very rarely.
Looking back, Texas as a nation only lasted for 10 years before annexation so what would have happened if it never occured? Do you think that the republic could have lasted more years or would have been invaded by their stronger neighbors?
>>339635
There were immense economical and political motivations for annexation, the case for annexation was so strong it's hard to imagine a world where Texas is never admitted into the union.
First of all, "Texans" were Americans. They were mostly anglos from the southern states who settled in Texas because of the prospect of cheap land and it was open to slavery. There was no 'Texas' heritage. The first white settlers in Texas who came from the US were the very same people who fought the war for Texas independence. Essentially there were no "native texans" fighting for texas independence, just young American men looking for adventure and prosperity. The cultural ties to the US made annexation a smooth and agreeable proposition.
Secondly, the republic of Texas had incurred serious debts in its short life, and the nascent republic had little ability to pay them off, annexation offered the prospect that the US would take on Texas's debt (which would happened during the compromise of 1850), freeing the small republic from its crushing financial obligations.
They really was never any good reason to oppose annexation outside of a very small group of Texas nationalists.
if texas became a nation today it would do fairly well, but as the guy above me said...back in those days there's no way they would have lasted which such large neighbors
>>339705
/thread