Fundamental Forces of Nature

https://profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/particle-physics-basics/virtual-particles-what-are-they/

>>8372071
goddamn this just confused me even more
it sounds like he's saying "things move because math"

>>8372097
whats not to get.

>>8372061
Black holes can theoretically make virtual particles real.

>>8372061
The following is blatantly not true, and impossible.

All particles move in straight lines at the speed of light. What defines a straight line is gravity. What defines the speed of light is the other forces. There is Spacetime as defined by GR which defines curvature, and Probability Space as defined by the Standard model which defines c for each particle in spacetime.

>>8372115
how

Why is there no Lagrangian for gravity?

>>8372131
Vacuum bubbles are composed of a particle-antiparticle pair of virtual particles. They don'y properly exist and so have some small amount of "borrowed" energy for the time they exist (see the time-energy uncertainty relation for how this works). If one part of this pair happens to find its way across a black hole's even horizon before the recombine, the black hole has to pay the energy to make the remaining particle real and so you get Hawking radiation and evaporating black holes.

>>8372164
i don't see how that makes virtual particles real.

>>8372172
Think of the invisible unicorn problem.
Can something be said to be real if it never interacts with anything? If I say there is an invisible unicorn in a room, that gives off no heat or light, and you can't touch it, is it real?

Virtual Particles are similar, a particle/anti-particle pair that only interact with each other, whose energy is a part of the vacuum energy. As particles they never interact with anything, but their energy can be measured as a pressure of the vacuum.

Now, no particle (photon or otherwise) which falls past the event horizon of a black hole can interact in any way with a particle on the other side of the event horizon. If a particle pair is created just on the event horizon, the particles will not annihilate, one particle will fall into the black hole, and the other is free to travel through space and interact with other things, becoming "real"

>>8372223
yeah but photons are already real. all the particles your talking about are real.
the article is saying that them existing as force carriers is not the case, instead the force carrier is just a generic +/- field disturbance.

maybe im missing something there.

>>8372223
I think considering that there is an indirect way to measure the reality of the virtual particles (their effect on the pressure of the vacuum) then they can be said to be real. I think those things that are real are those with which we have interacted so all the things inside our particle horizon. If the unicorn gives no discernible way to prove its existence through a direct or indirect measurement then it can't be said to be real.

Not disagreeing with you, I just think your analogy is wrong.

>>8372061
Photons are said to be massless but they actually have a very tiny mass, even less than an electron.

Its literally the minimum amount of mass possible for them to be able to move, and it allows them to move at exactly c. And behave as light does.

>>8372253
[citation needed]

>>8372061
These equations look nothing like what i learned for any of these, except for Electromagnetism what the fuck???

Admittedly i never learned the proper equations to describe the weak or strong forces..

Where is E=MC^2?
Where does the mass go in the gravity equation? Why is there an 8 up there. 8 doesn't seem like a number common to equations, because its 2 * 4 so shouldn't there be a factor somewhere to reduce?

WHY IS THERE AN EIGHT IN GRAVITY?
What property of 8-ness does gravity have?
How does the concept of 8-anything relate to gravity which should exert its force in a sphere??? A sphere doesn't have any 8s anywhere in it. 8 belongs to the cube and the square, the fucking even numbers.

Circles and spheres and Pi, do not make 8, someone please explain further

>>8372262
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_field_equations

>>8372262
fuck are you talking about 8

>>8372262
Volume of Sphere.

The mass is in the Tuv term, which describes the entire Energy Density (momentum and mass) of a spherical region of space. The other side of the equation describes the curvature of space due to the mass/energy.

>>8372274
Ok now it makes more sense, thanks man i overreacted a little but that helped a lot to remember that the volume of a sphere is 4/3pi * r^2

I learned some stuff today, i appreciate this informative post especially since i was kind of retarded in my post.

>>8372097
Makes sense.

>>8372137
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein%E2%80%93Hilbert_action