Trichomoniasis (or “trich”) is a very common STD. It is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis.
In the United States, an estimated 3.7 million people have the infection.
Infection is more common in women than in men. Older women are more likely than younger women to have been infected with trichomoniasis.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/trichomonas/stdfact-trichomoniasis.htm
The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in the United States is estimated to be 2.3 million (3.1%) among women ages 14-49, based on a nationally representative sample of women who participated in NHANES 2001–2004. The following are other findings from this study:
African American women had a prevalence of 13.3%, Mexican American prevalence of 1.8%, and white women prevalence of 1.3%.
Prevalence of trichomoniasis increases with age and lifetime number of sexual partners among African American women.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/trichomonas/stats.htm
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition that happens when there is too much of certain bacteria in the vagina.
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection in women ages 15-44.
Researchers do not know the cause of BV or how some women get it. We do know that the infection typically occurs in sexually active women.
Having a new sex partner or multiple sex partners, as well as douching, can upset the balance of bacteria in the vagina. This places a woman at increased risk for getting BV.
BV rarely affects women who have never had sex.
Having BV can increase your chances of getting other STDs.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/bv/stdfact-bacterial-vaginosis.htm
The prevalence in the United States is estimated to be 21.2 million (29.2%) among women ages 14–49, based on a nationally representative sample of women who participated in NHANES 2001–2004. The following are other findings from this study:
Prevalence of BV increases based on lifetime number of sexual partners.
Non white women have higher rates (African-American 51%, Mexican Americans 32%) than white women (23%).
https://www.cdc.gov/std/bv/stats.htm
While a woman’s socioeconomic and educational status characteristics and sexual and reproductive health behaviors are important contributors to risk of BV, the risk factor with the greatest magnitude of association with BV is black race.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2684943/
The tendency of sexual promiscuity has been common in Africa for thousands of years while monogamy was religiously practiced in Europe. The hormone-driven feeling of falling in love is an adaptive trait that induces pair bonding and reduces the attractiveness of others.
http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/comm/haselton/papers/downloads/Gonzaga_Haselton_et_al_2008_EHB.pdf
>Syphilis
Considering all race/ethnicity, sex, and age categories, primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis rates were highest among Black men aged 20–24 years and 25–29 years in 2015.
The P&S syphilis rate among Blacks was 5.2 times the rate among Whites.
Black men aged 20–24 years had a P&S syphilis rate that was 7.6 times the rate among White men in the same age group.
Black men aged 25–29 years had a P&S syphilis rate which was 6.9 times the rate among White men in the same age group.
The rate of congenital syphilis among Blacks was 8.0 times the rate among Whites.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats15/minorities.htm
>Gonorrhea
Considering all racial/ethnic and age categories, rates of gonorrhea were highest for Blacks aged 20–24, 15–19, and 25–29 years in 2015.
The rate of gonorrhea among Blacks was 9.6 times the rate among Whites.
Black women aged 20–24 years had a gonorrhea rate which was 9.0 times the rate among White women in the same age group.
Black women aged 15–19 years had a gonorrhea rate which was 11.3 times the rate among White women in the same age group .
Black men aged 20–24 years had a gonorrhea rate which was 9.5 times the rate among White men in the same age group.
Black men aged 25–29 years had a gonorrhea rate which was 8.2 times the rate among White men in the same age group.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats15/minorities.htm
The rate of chlamydia cases among Black women was 5.4 times the rate among White women.
The rate of chlamydia cases among Black men was 6.8 times the rate among White men.
The rate of reported chlamydia cases among Black women aged 15–19 years was 4.7 times the rate among White women in the same age group.
The rate of chlamydia cases among Black women aged 20–24 years was 3.9 times the rate among White women in the same age group.
Among males aged 15–19 years, the rate of reported chlamydia cases among Blacks was 8.8 times the rate among Whites.
The rate among Black men aged 20–24 years was 4.9 times the rate among White men of the same age group.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats15/minorities.htm
The rate of Chlamydia among Blacks was 5.9 times the rate among Whites.
The rate among American Indians/Alaska Natives was 3.8 times the rate among Whites.
The rate among Hispanics was 2.0 times the rate among Whites.
The rate among Native Hawaiians/Other Pacific Islanders was 3.3 times the rate among Whites.
The rate among Asians was lower than the rate among Whites.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats15/chlamydia.htm
The annual cost of curable STI’s is $742 million. Among these, chlamydia is most common and therefore the most costly.
https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/sti-estimates-fact-sheet-feb-2013.pdf
At the end of 2014, an estimated 1.1 million persons aged 13 and older were living with HIV infection in the United States, including an estimated 166,000 (15%) persons whose infections had not been diagnosed.
In 2015, the number of new HIV diagnoses in the United States was 39,513. There were 31,991 diagnoses among adult and adolescent males (13 years or older), 7,402 among adult and adolescent females, and 120 among children younger than 13 years.
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/statistics/overview/
The most recent published estimate of lifetime HIV treatment costs was $367,134 (in 2009 dollars; $379,668 in 2010 dollars).
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/programresources/guidance/costeffectiveness/index.html
African Americans are the racial/ethnic group most affected by HIV in the United States. In 2015, African Americans accounted for 45% of HIV diagnoses, though they comprise 12% of the US population.
In 2015 more than half (58%) of African Americans diagnosed with HIV were gay or bisexual men. 38% were young men aged 13 to 24.
48% of those diagnosed with AIDS in the United States were African Americans.
At the end of 2013, 498,400 African Americans were living with HIV (40% of everyone living with HIV in the US), and 1 in 8 did not know they were infected.
In 2014, 3,591 African Americans died of HIV or AIDS, accounting for 53% of total deaths attributed to the disease that year.
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/racialethnic/africanamericans/
Incomplete partner notification of HIV infection was more likely among black men, MSM, and those reporting casual partners and non-condom use.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195536/
“We have reached a decisive moment for the nation. STD rates are rising, and many of the country’s systems for preventing STDs have eroded. We must mobilize, rebuild, and expand services – or the human and economic burden will continue to grow.”
- Dr. Jonathan Mermin, Director of CDC’s National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2016/2015-std-surveillance-report.html