Orthodoxy vs. Catholicism

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The Orthodox also don't use the fililoque when reciting the Nicene Creed ("...which proceeds from the father and the son...").

They also reject Augustine and Aquinas' philosophy as too rational. There's also a rejection of some post-schism beliefs like the Immaculate Conception.

At this point it's basically an issue of the Orthodox refusing to accept the supremacy of the Bishop of Rome as the successor of St. Peter.

Pic unrelated.

Orthodox also don't believe in Catholic conceptions of purgatory, indulgences, or temporal punishment due for sin. Having been Catholic and investigating Orthodoxy I can say that Catholicism is far more legalistic. Catholicism essentially used Roman Legal code as a basic framework for theology especially moral theology. Orthodoxy on the other hand remained less inclined to codify these spiritual concepts and allowed for there to be more ambiguity and more mystery to religious beliefs. One example of the difference is that in Catholic lent, it is a damnable offense (a mortal sin) to not fast on the appointed days whereas in Orthodoxy it is not a sin to not fast, it's something that must be done voluntarily because that's the only way it is seen as having any edifying effect, if the person chooses to fast as a form of penance as opposed to it being coerced under pain of Hell.