Some photographs from the Swedish Air Force museum in Linköping.
First out a Thulin G, used by the navy for reconnaissance. In service 1917-1922.
B18 - SAAB 18
Saab's second aircraft design, it was also available in recon (S18) and torpedo bomber (T18) variants. This specific aircraft, the only one remaining, was recovered form the bottom of the Baltic sea in 1979, and is still undergoing restoration.
Regarding Saab, while I'm sure they've got that as their proper name nowadays, originally it was an acronym for Svenska Aeroplan AB, "Swedish Aeroplane Ltd", thus you'll see it in all caps for the formal designations in this thread.
J21 - SAAB 21
A fighter aircraft that came into service just around the end of WW2. IIRC it's usually described as easy to fly, and a good gun platform, but not as nimble as some. Also designated A21 and used for ground attack.
Markings are from F6 in Karlsborg.
That's a really nice looking roundel
Armament consisted of one 20mm cannon and two 13.2mm machineguns in the nose and two 13.2mm machineguns placed one in each boom.
The red R is from the aircraft identification scheme introduced during WW2. Each squadron ("division" being the Swedish Air Force's term of choice) at the various air groups/regiments/flottilj was colour coded according to a set scheme. So red as we have here always means the first squadron. Then each aircraft in the division was given an individual letter code, in this case L.
With the Swedish armed forces at the time using male names for its phonetic alphabet, this naturally translated into planes being called by colour and name even when not on the radio, so the aircraft here is Lars Red.
As a possible source of confusion, each flottilj also got a letter code at some point, F9 being I. Which means the squadrons also got the colour-name naming scheme going, first division at F9 being Ivar Red. I'm not sure when that started though, the two naming schemes may not have overlapped. Gave me a bloody headache before I figured out what was going on though.
As Sweden wasn't a bit less harsh about pilots who got shot down than, say, imperial Japan, J21 ended up being one of the first aircraft in the world with a catapult seat.
>>34572392
Agreed, while they mostly tried to make it suitably visible (using reports from WW1 to go on), they managed to make it look good as well in the end. Funnily enough they started out with other variants (see the Thulin G for an early take) but eventually ended up with pretty much just the country's small coat of arms almost straight up, only with the yellow border added. The old heraldry worked the way it did for a reason.
B17 - SAAB 17
The first aircraft Saab designed on their own. Mostly a dive bomber, but an S17 recon plane was also built. Up to 800kg of bombs in an internal bay (being a bit ahead of their time there if we look at things like F22 and F35, because obviously radar cross section was a huge and well understood thing in the late thirties), two 8mm machienguns in the wings, and one 8mm machinegun in the rear.
Cool photos
>>34572383
Wasn't the J21 converted to jet power?
IIRC the quite distinctive main gear covers look the way they do because they also fucntion as air brakes.
>>34572434
Around the end of the war with everyone being all about this new jet thing Sweden bought a few jet engines from England, and modified a number of J21 to use them. The idea was that it'd be an easy conversion, but I think they had to change something like a third of the fuselage in the end. The resultant aircraft was designated J21R.
The result may have been an upgrade over the base J21, but overall performance in the end wasn't all that. Lack of a pressurised cockpit also hampered its usefulness as a fighter. It was therefore quickly relegated to ground attack as A21R instead, while Sweden bought a number of de Havilland Vampires as fighters. The lessons learned form 21R were supposedly very useful when they built Tunnan though, so as an experimental aircraft it did a good job.
Photos of it to follow when we get there, they had one there as well at the museum.
Early war markings, before the letter codes.
J21 - FFVS J21
At the start of the Finnish winter war, the Swedish fighter inventory that mattered outside of archaeological circles consisted of 55 Gloster Gladiator. Bugger. As a result the air force went on an attempted buying spree, getting whatever they could (you'll see the result as we continue here), but it quickly became obvious that no one was about to sell anything truly worthwhile.
So, domestic production it was. Unfortunately the domestic aircraft industry could be summed up in one name, SAAB, and they had their hands full with B17 and B18, meaning both their workshops and engineers were unavailable. Building those aircraft also consumed basically all available aluminium, leaving none for any fighters. Oh, and the best engine available is an unlicensed copy of the SC-3 twin wasp.
Luckily one aircraft engineer who had been in the US to get aircraft there came up with an idea. He designed an aircraft built with a steel frame and a partially load bearing plywood shell. With the engine being what it was, overall design went full anorectic, so while there wasn't that much power there, the power to weight ratio and speed-per-power were brilliant. As a side effect, it became extremely nimble. Parts were then mostly built cottage industry style, with final assembly being in workshops the air force put up and oversaw directly.
The final result may look somewhat like an Fw190, but was probably more akin to a Hayabusa or Zero in the air.
>>34572409
>Then each aircraft in the division was given an individual letter code, in this case L.
Yeah, that's an R, Rickard Röd. Seems I was glancing at the wrong photo there. Here's Lars.
>>34572424
Well, when you realise that the swedish airforce lost 21 pilots a year, and would do so for a rather long time, its not that strange i guess.
Originally armed with two 7.9mm and two 13.2mm machineguns, this aircraft is a J22B, with four 13.2mm instead.
>>34572533
Yeah, quickly training a lot of pilots, sending them up in basically anything that flies, and then having them fly combat training and patrol missions took its toll. IIRC dive bombing and the Caproni Ca313 were the biggest butchers during the war. Later on Mosquito's that barely held together and then one of the world's first swept wing fighters with no two seat trainer available kept burials going.
>>34572530
Its marked 3 for F 3 and the L would be Ludvig, not Lars.
Also, it has nothing to do with Ludvig Red, as 122 division never had j22s (that aircraft is a j22, not j21).
J8 - Gloster Gladiator
When the Finnish winter war started Sweden declared itself a non-combatant, not neutral. A volunteer flottilj, F19 Finland, was set up and equipped with 12 J8 and a few B4. Reinforcements were planned, but the war ended before they were flown over. To avoid confusion, these aircraft flew with Finnish air force roundels, as can be seen here. Operating form an assortment of small, largely improvised air strips in the Finnish winter meant skiis instead of wheels for the landing gear.
These took care of the aerial defence of northern Finland (which seems to mean everything north of lake Ladoga) so that the Finnish air force could concentrate on the Karelian isthmus.
If I'm adding things up right F19 scored a total of ten aerial kills, with another four Soviet aircraft destroyed on the ground. In return two B4 were lost to a mid air collision, one wa sshot down by an I-15bis, one J8 was shot down (unknown if it was by aircraft or AA on the ground), one was lost to a botched landing, and one went down during a test flight after repairs.
>>34572586
>Also, it has nothing to do with Ludvig Red, as 122 division never had j22s (that aircraft is a j22, not j21).
Red L is the individual aircraft, not the division. Letter+colour has been used for both. Division here should be Caesar Red, no? F3, first division.
B16 / S16 - Caproni Ca 313
One of the few places willing to sell Sweden aircraft at the start of the war was Italy. The Ca313 was originally intended for use as a fighter, dive bomber and recon plane. A number of burning craters later the plane was grounded, rebuilt somewhat, and after that it was mostly used for recon. Not that this amde it a safe plane to take off in, May 1944 saw one shot down by a German fighter with one crew member killed, and another two just disappearing.
In total 84 aircraft were delivered, 22 written off, and 41 crew members killed.
B4 - Hawker Hart
Originally intended to be a recon plane (S7), shortages of light bombers in the Swedish Air Force saw them shifted over to bomber duty instead. Just like the J8 this one's been painted up like the aircraft of F19.
Sk10 - Raab-Katzenstein RK-26 Tigerschwalbe
Trainer, license built in Sweden by ASJA.
To make sure all the aircraft here behaved around the tourists.
40mm lvakan m/36
The ever-present 40mm Bofors AA gun was developed by head engineer Victor Hammar during 1928-33. The Swedish armed forces bought 950 of them straight up, and during WW2 it was sold, license built, and copied without license all around.
J26 - North American P51D Mustang
While Sweden was embargoed by the US early on in the war when it was uncertain which side Sweden would end up on, or if Germany would just occupy it outright, towards the end of the war those concerns were history, and the US was happy to sell pretty much whatever Sweden wanted. This was both to help get interned bomber crews returned faster (plenty of aircraft form both sides had landed in Sweden during the war, damaged, navigation error, or defecting) and with an eye to perhaps getting Swedish help during an invasion of Norway.
The Thunderbolt almost ended up bought, but in the last minute the order was changed to Mustangs instead.
As for the Mustang itself, it was apparently not developed for the US, but for the RAF. The English were looking to get fighters built in the US, with the only thing available there that might be useful being the P40. North American stepped up to make them, but also suggested that in the time it'd take them to re-tool to do that, they could make a better aircraft instead, which the English thought sounded like a good idea.
The D version comes with both aluminium and fabric-covered manoeuvre surfaces, Sweden got the latter.
J9 - Seversky/Republic AP-1-106
So, back to Sweden's fighter woes at the start of WW2. The air force wished to have license built Bf109, but Germany didn't feel like it. The Hawker Hurricane looked good, but England needed everything they could get themselves. The Zero seemed like a nice plane (the exceptional range was probably very tempting), but having them delivered was deemed unrealistic.
Eventually, Seversky dropped by and had some decent aircraft to sell. Sweden ordered a bunch, then a bunch more, and then even more, but only a limited number had been delivered when the US embargoed Sweden in 1940.
>>34572781
>AP-1-106
EP-1-106
One nice feature of the aircraft was the cargo space behind the pilot's seat. It could for example be used to ferry a mechanic when deploying to some airstrip out in the wilds (just remember to tell him to get the fuck out if you bailed, a special sign was created for the pilot to throw back to the passenger), or you could mount a camera for recon missions.
J20 - Reggiane Re2000 Falco 1
So with no more J9 to be had, just about the only place left willing to sell aircraft was Italy. One of the two fighters bough was the Re2000, of which 60 were bought. Plans for another 60 at a later date were shelved as the J22 was coming along by then. The first aircraft was delivered in Apirl 1941, and the first crash was in January 1942, killing the pilot.
The aircraft was quickly found to have issues. First up was the pilot's seat was atrocious enough that it had to be replaced. Harder to fix were the huge amount of engine issues. Poor alloys, valve issues... It turned out the engines were basically hand-built, so no butchering for spares. Screwbolts were of poor quality, batteries leaked, gun synchronisation failed a few times, fuel leakages, the oxygen bottles had to be replaced.
Being very much wartime designs, the aircraft had been built with an life expectancy of 7.5h, the Swedish ones averaged 200h in the air. Quite a few aircraft mechanics probably deserved medals after that.
In the air it was supposedly not too bad though. Except allied pilots thought they looked like the Fw190, and German pilots saw a close resemblance to the Thunderbolt. I don't think any got shot down though.
Also, how the fuck would you paint this in 1/72?
J11 - Fiat C.R. 42
Yeah, this is how desperate Sweden was for a fighter there for a while. We bought biplanes. In 1940.
At first 12 of these were bought by money donated from the public with the intent to donate them to Finland during the Winter war. After they had been bought, but before that, the war ended though, and Finland needed money and more modern aircraft more than these, so we kept them, using them for recon (simply by handing the pilot a camera). Another 60 were then bought for fighter duty.
B3 - Junker Ju86K
The first all-metal aircraft the Swedish air force got. Served in various roles from 1936 to 1958. The one ton bomb load does help highlight bomber development throughout the war I'd say.
This specific aircraft would be the last Ju86 in the world.
S14 - Fieseler Fi 156C Storch
Sk14 - North American NA 16-4M
S6 - Fokker C.V-E
>>34572962
Sk9 - De Havilland 60T Moth Trainer
SAAB 210 "Lilldraken"
With the J35's double delta wing being somethign rather new, it was decided to build a small test aircraft first to make sure that the whole thing wasn't an awful idea. Originally built with the air intakes much furtehr forward, it was later modified into this style.
With dummy ordnance hanging under it, for some reason.
J21R, as per >>34572455
The toad (presumably not the official designation), an eight 7.9mm machinegun pod developed for the J21R.
J1 - Phönix 122 D.II
Not the first Swedish fighter, but one of the types the air force inherited when it was created by breaking out and merging the army's and navy's air companies (in this case form the army).
JAS 39 Gripen
This being the second test aircraft built. Black and white paint scheme to show up better on video.
Seems like small bits of string, to show the direction of the airflow I'd guess.
*cough*
B1 - Bréguet C.U-1
Ö1 "Tummelisa"
RM 1A - de Havilland Goblin II
The engine form the Vampire.
RM8A
A modified Pratt & Whitney JT8D with an added afterburner. Used in the non JA Viggens.
STAL Dovern
For all the jet aircraft developed for the Swedish air force, the lot of them appears to have used engines either just plain licensed, or developed form foreign ones. The STAL company was a, or the, attempt at completely domestic engine development, but it never really got anywhere. The one here was developed for Saab 32 lansen, but development was cancelled and a Rolls-Royce engine was license built instead.
Macchi M.7
Floatplane fighter developed in Italy during WW1. Four were bought used by Sweden in 1921 and used for training.
I've been out a few times in an Eskimo styler kayak, painted fabric over a wooden frame. Looking at various of these early aircraft, the thought of essentially taking that (or in this case a plywood covered one), strapping a lawnmower engine to it and taking to the skies is one I'd be a bit ambivalent about.
Hkp1 - Vertol 44A
Hkp2 - Sud Aviation SE 3130 Alouette II
Rb28 - AIM4C Falcon
Akan m/55 - ADEN 30mm
S31 - Supermarine Spitfire PR MkXIX
J28 - de Havilland Vampire
Tp 47 - Consolidated Canso PBY-5A
After Soviet aircraft had shot down a Swedish armed forces signal intelligence DC3 in 1952 a Tp 47 was also shot down searching for survivors. In this case though the crew survived. The USSR denied all involvement in the whole, with Russia eventually fessing up in the early nineties.
J29F- SAAB 29 Tunnan
J33 - de Havilland Venom NF2/3
Next to the Catalina, a Mig 15.
J34 - Hawker Hunter F.4 Mk50
A nice thing to fly I've heard, but it did have a bit of an Achilles nose. Firing the quad 30mm severely disturbed airflow to the engine, which apparently took bloody ages to sort out. For quite a while the result was that the Swedish hunters (possibly other as well) flew in great secrecy without the nose guns, just some ballast, relying completely on missiles instead.
Lvrb68 - Bloodhound Mk.II
J35 Draken - SAAB 35
No IR sight under the nose, so probably D or F1 variant.
Hkp3 - Agusta-Bell 204
AJS37 Viggen - SAAB 37
Hkp9 - Bölkow Blohm BO105
Sk60- SAAB 105
A32A Lansen - SAAB 32
Rb04 ASM
The big bulge under the fuselage is an extra fuel tank.
On of the easier ways to tell the A32A from the J32B fighter version (and the variants built by modifying J32B airframes) is that the former has four 20mm cannons hiding under electrically operated doors, while the latter didn't bother with muzzle covering for its four 30mm.
Pausing the photos for food.
>>34573339
I guess the swiss air force would have been the one to figure this one out, they used the Hunter almost forever
>>34573703
The English also seem like they should have been in a good spot as well to both notice and fix it.
Hkp4 - Boeing Vertol 107
Torpedo 45
The remains of the Tp79 (DC-3) mentioned in >>34573259
And one in somewhat better condition.
Tp82 - Varsity T.1
As the designation tells you, this is a transport aircraft. Pay no attention to abundance of antennas, there's no signal intelligence going on here.
Due to its decent cargo capacity, this aircraft (the air force only got the one) did see occasional use as a transport, for example supplying the Swedish troops in Congo and Gaza, or flying in aid after the earthquakes in Skopje and Agadir.
Tp52 - Canberra B.2
Wishing for a SigInt plane that went higher and faster than the previous one,s two sued Canberra bombers were both form the English. They were modified quite a bit, a new nose to make room for various antennas (earning it the nickname "blyerstpennan", the pencil), space elsewhere for instruments, and twice the electrical output to feed it all.
Enjoying all these pics dude. Keep rolling.
Tp85 - 210 Caravelle III
The Canberra eventually ended up too cramped, and instead FRA bought a pair of Caravelle passenger jets from SAS. They were substantially rebuild for signal intelligence and telecom trials, though the option remained to lift the electronic toys out and fill it with chairs for people hauling instead.
And that's about a full thread, so I guess this can be it.
Whole batch, 299 pics including the museum signs: https://www.mediafire.com/?d7q6vva1ftw7mdd
>>34574077
That's a pretty nice flygvapenmuseum. Thank you for posting.
Maybe I should take some pictures of my local aviation museum.
>>34572455
I wonder why the spikes on the thing behind the rotor, fellow svensk here aswell, nice thread.
>>34574735
>the thing behind
The exhaust pipe? Something to help the engine breathe properly I guess.
>>34572424
Pretty sure the catapult was so the pilot didn't get fucking deli sliced by the prop when bailing out.
>>34573183
i was just wondering about the helicopter in this pic
>>34574784
Looks like radiating fins. It's a heatsink.
>>34575423
Here's a slightly different angle. As you can see, there's holes at the back of them. I'm guessing to let exhaust out.
>>34575453
I was half way there. It's a flame dampener. Fancy aircraft muffler.
>Flygvapenmuseum
"Kaffetåren den bästa är
snart är ryssen här"