Inca empire

>>3191779
I can't wait...

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>Inca society

>The Inca society was based on the stratification of classes.The stratification wasn't static, popular class individuals could reach the nobility with exceptional intelectual and warrior work and experience.
>Classes:
>-The Royal family: The Inca (Divine origin King), the Colla (Queen) and the Auqui (Prince)

>-The noble class : royal blood relatives and families, priviledged (popular exceptional people) and province nobility (these families were instructed to the management of the ayllus(communities).

>-Popular class: Hatun runas (commom man), Mitimaes (families of already conquered villages which were ordered to live on a new conquered village and had the duty to teach them Quechua; this strategy was used by the Inca administration so the local identity of the conquered cultures was morphed as several families abandoned the villages, that's how insurrections and revolts were prevented), Yanaconas (POWs or minor delincuents converted to slaves of the nobility and the royal family) and Piñas (POWs or criminals which had to be forced to work for the empire mostly sent to the jungle part of the Tawantinsuyu)

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Political organization:
>From a political POV, the Inca empire was a teocrathic absolutist monarchy. The government power was inherited from father to a single son. The great element of unification was the language, so the Incas sent professors and made sure the constant use of Quechua. The other element was religion, as all cultures had to accept the Inti sun god, but they were allowed to preserve their past gods.

>-Inca: He was the sovereign of the empire, he had the highest political power and the religious power, as religious leader he was called Sapa Inca. Unrestricted power and every order made by him was immediately commited, despite the absolutist power most Incas governed and benefited the people applying the reciprocity principles and redistribution, charasteristics of the Inca society. The Inca lived on Cusco in a palace specially built for him, so Cusco was the origin of the Royal family and the capital of the empire, and from there he governed helped by lots of Inca officials who traveled from North to South of the empire delivering him the administration information of every zone, this administration was pretty efficient thanks to the Chasquis who were the andean messengers that were trained since they were kids so they could help the state.

>-Auqui (Prince): He was the heir prince,he was chosen between numerous individuals. The Auqui was chosen by his traits: bravery, courage , cunning... The warrior traits were important as much as the religious ones. The Auqui since the moment he is elected, he was trained for his future reign exercising a co-reign with the father Inca. He was trained and taught the administrative and guvernment duties of the Inca by the best teachers of the empire, which were brought to the capital.
cont.

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cont.
>-The imperial council: It was an adviser organization made up for the Suyo-lords, and it was ruled by the Apo-Suyo, who acted in the name of the Inca. The territory was divided into: Suyo->Wamani(Province)->Saya(Sector)->number of Ayllus(large families which were given part f these lands for agriculture duties, they were self-sustaining). Each subdvision of the Suyos were managed by officials.

>They assembled under the direction of the Inca as they reported the administrative labour of each region. They also advised the Inca about greater trascendence matters for optimizing the administrative-political process of the empire.

>Some important officials:
>-Apunchic: Regional governors who had to guard and inspect the Tucuyicuy. Order and rules had to be complied for the co-existence based on the ideal of reciprocity and productivity. The most vaorous and distinguished warriors were chosen to be Apunchic, so their duties were administrative/militar.

>-Tucuyricuy ("El que todo lo ve"): State officials who had to travel incognito to different zones of the empire, making sure the rules were complied. In some cases, they had to reveal their identity showing a textil royal band. He collected the tributes and had to bring them to Cusco(capital).

>-Curaca: Most of them were warlords of conquered tribes who accepted the Inca. They ruled ver the Ayllu. They had to collect the tributes from the Ayllu and give them to the Tucuyricuy. He had to guard and put order on them. (distribution of lands, protection of the poor, hidraulic net maintenance, territory guard, communal work organization, redistribution of some surplus goods).

Got any more stuff senpai?

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Administrative organization:

>For the best administrative organization it was important to unify the empire on different characteristics:

>-Language: Runa Simi (Quechua). It was spoken all over the territory.

>-Population control: It was made thanks to the decimal based census, establishing a work, production and tax control. The ayllus(large families) were made up of various relatives.
>**Purej -> Head of the ayllu. Elected by the community. 1 year of duration in charge.
>**Chunca camayoc-> Organized 10 ayllus. Elected by the community. 1 year of duration in charge.
>**Pachaca camayoc-> Organized 100 ayllus. Elected by the community. 1 year of duration in charge.
>**Huaranca camayoc-> Organized 1000 ayllus. Elected by the Inca. Several years of duration in charge.
>**Huno camayoc-> Organized 10000 ayllus. Elected by the Inca. Several years of duration in charge.
>**Huamani/sichi->Organized 40000 ayllus in times of war. Elected by the Inca. Several years of duration in charge.
>*The ayllus assembled where they could solve the matters of the community. The elected by the Inca had to report the matters to their superior.

>-Quipu: Pic related. Used for accounting and administration. It's vaguely suspected that it was also a writing system. Only state officials knew how to use them. The Quipucamayoc were specialized and trained to use the Quipu. The knowledge of using the Quipu was also transmitted from father to son, so the system could improve over time.

>-Tributes: It consisted on the value of work. The commom men (18-50 years old) had to work for the state (harvesting, cattle raising, bridge construction, roads, palaces or taking care of the soil). It was imperative and organized by turns.

>>3192395
Yep. I was checking other things.

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any stuff about textiles and dress? I really like their clothes

I'm gonna check some Inca warfare info I got on some books. The good side of the Inca information is that the archaelogical and revisionism activity is increasing due to the new findings in the last 30 years.

>>3192537
After the militar part i'll translate it.

>>3191897
>the bastard tyrant Atahualpa
He looks so smug.

Keep going fag

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>>3192537
natives from isla de la luna LARPing as incas

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inti raymi in cuzco

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Incan Jewess in Judea. One of the most extreme settlers of all in the West Bank is full of Inca Jews, lots of them are extreme Kahanists too and want all the Arabs expelled from Israel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Jews

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Title of arms granted to Gonzalo Uchu Hualpa and Felipe Tupac Inca Yupanqui in 1545.

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spaniards vs incas

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incan mummy

>>3191779
bump, keep posting

Why are Incas superior to Aztecs?

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>>3195252
The cutest girls were selected and trained to be the perfect nobility's wives.

>>3195252
fuck off, shitposter

>>3195209
Check out that Tri-force.

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inca road officials

>>3195145
what the fuck

How would an interpretatio graeca/romana of the Incan religion be?

Pachamama = Demeter/Ceres.
Viracocha = Zeus/Jupiter for the ruler of the sky aspect, or perhaps Apollo for the solar aspect.

What's sad is that we have absolutely no idea what the world would have been like if the Incans had the time and freedom to continue creating their empire. The things they may have contributed to worldly culture had they continued on their path if the Spanish never came thru.

Think about it.

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Chimu-Inca weaving tools and container

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inca metalwork

>>3195300
those are aymara gods
aymaras were to the incas what greeks to Rome

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>>3195337
>aymara
you mean Tiwanaku and Wari

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>>3195333
>making metal corn decorations
So simple and boring. Did they make anything else better than that? Surely they must've excelled at something as all individual peoples have their little idiosyncrasies.

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>>3195345
well they knew how to build
> in b4 that´s a spanish house

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>>3195345
That corn is actually the only object left form a real size garden made from gold and silver.
They did gold statues but all of them were melted.
And the incas valued fine cloth more than gold or silver, they were the best weavers until the industrial revolution.

>>3195340
This, Tiahanuco was da real OG of the Andes. Incas copy most of their panteon gods from them.

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a bronze mirror

>>3195145
welcome to megalarp

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mining pick

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weapons

>>3195209
What's with the triforce tatoo?
I thought that symbol originated in Japan as the Hōjō clan symbol.

>>3195345
Keep in mind that a lot of metalworking and structures that were built by the Inca and other Andean civilizations were melted down or taken apart by the Spanish after the Spanish took over.

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an inca tumi knife
adopted from the northern andes, though the incas unlike some previous cultures used them mostly as utilitarian tools, then for war and to make llama sacrifices
they didn't use them for human sacrifices because they wanted to send perfect people, without a scar, that's why they left them unconscious in the mountain peaks until they die from hypothermia

>>3195252
Copper.

How did they have an empire living in the mountains? Where did they get their food?

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chimu inca silver depilatory tweezers

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inca tweezers found in machu picchu

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>>3195398

other mirrors found in machu picchu
three of them aren't in a good shape because they weren't buried, unlike the other one.

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>>3195564
>Where did they get their food
from terraces

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war between andeans

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qulla ring from the inca era

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pre-inca hair comb

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inca idols

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pre-inca qiru

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inca qiru, with a village and planting scenes

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the capture of Huascar

Wow thanks for bumping my thread m8

>>3191779
Inferior to aztecs desu

>>3195482
>What's with the triforce tatoo?
Triangle's are pretty simple shapes, and tons of Andean region cultures used repeating triangle tattoos. My go-to explanation for most Andean symbols is that it had something to do with water, and I think that's the case here.

>>3199615
>Triangle's
Err, triangles.

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>>3195262
>>3195482
Clearly the man was a Sheikah Monk

Such a shame what happened to them. Of all the colonizers they could have met, it just had to be the Spaniards...

I don't really want to shit on your parade OP but all of this looks pretty shit.
I thought all mesoamerican civilizations were just barbarians glorified by historical revisionism and you didn't change my mind.

>>3201432
Well, they were on the early bronze age. Did you expect a Mycenian or Roman kind of empire?

>>3201432
>Incans
>Mesoamaericans
Opinion tossed

>>3201449
Well, I expected something to justify the "Spaniards ruined South-America" argument.
All I can see so far is an improvement.

>>3201476
How did they ruin South-America?
I don't get your point, m8.

>>3201476
Let me put it this way, if sub-sahara africans had iron and writing, then genocided 90+% percent of indoeuropean ethnicities and mongrelized most of the rest of europe which was in the early bronze age. It would be an improvement, yet that's not the point.

>>3201513
>genocided 90+%
>believing Anglo bullshit

>>3201513
>genocided 90+%
This wasn't even physically possible to do back then. Even the most absurd holocaust estimations in the heyday of the industrial era don't reach 90% extermination rate, and you think a bunch of peasant retards with muskets would be able to pull off genociding an entire continent?

>>3201432
I think it is rather unfair to judge an isolated civilization on basis of what happened in a more connected world
But you are free to think otherwise of course

>>3201519
The count is actually calculated as 50+%, by both sides approximately. The Inca empire was pretty much conected by a huge economic and administrative organization. The contact was constant.
>>3201527
>do you think
>guessing
As I said, the administrative system depended on constant guarding and vigilance. It was a mix of absolutist and proto-socialism which taxes was based on communal work for the state.

Also, the most battled were fought between natives, after the civil war happened and the conquistadors had the luck to find Atahualpa (the civil war winner) when they were going to Cusco, the capital; and then they kidnapped him, finally killing him.

The Inca were a group of elites leading smaller but numerous tribes and civilizations. When the diseases entered the continent, the civil war happened and the system fell, putting everything against them, so some big recently conquered cultures rebelled.

>>3201527

You should deliberately infect yourself with smallpox and decline modern medicines. If you survive I'll gladly concede the point on mortality, but not before.

Protip: Send gifts of infected blankets to extended family, with the ruse that you are finally receiving treatment for your autism.

>>3201569
>deliberately
Once again, you're assuming that 16th century fucktards who didn't know the germ theory and probably believed the Black Death was caused by Jews poisoning the wells were actually consciously orchestrating a form of continental biological warfare that killed off millions.

>>3201584

No, no you are mistaking me. I just want you to get smallpox. If you give it to yourself you get it faster.

>>3201595
Are you trying to actually have a debate or just having a periodic fits of Aspergers?

>>3201432
Incas were superior to europeans though.

>>3201598

I know you are but what am I?

>>3201569
So you think the Europeans did deliberate bacteriological warfare on the 17th century to genocide the South-American civilizations?

>>3201614

No, I was specifically asking that other guy to test smallpox mortality on himself. If the rates of mortality are really low, then he should have nothing to fear.

>>3200714
>Of all the colonizers they could have met.
So basically spaniards or portuguese

Any examples of what a Neo-Inca style would look like? Fashion, architecture whatever.

>>3201762
Chimu were more advance in art and economic systems. Inca were more like a proto-socialist empire.

not bad for a civilization that had no writing and only magic knots.

>>3201776
They were an early bronze age system, it's no surprise they had no writing. Yet, there had been some ideas that the textil symbols were a kind of primitive writing, like the archaic chinese writing.

>>3201776
The knots were useful. Thanks to them the huge administration was possible.

post some phat ass inca girls

>>3201795
I'm sure they were, it's a shame that noone has any idea how to interpret them these days.

>>3201432
Not an argument.

>>3201762
They are some Bolivian architects who incorporated ancient Andean styles into modern buildings.

>>3201795
Egypt and Sumeria had written languages almost back to 3000 BC.

>>3202021
They got to America thousands of years after those indoeuropeans settled on north-africa though.

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>>3202010
Yep. He says that it's not actually exotic, it's just a part of the andean culture.

>>3202070
>on north-africa
>on
Fuck off sudaca.

>>3202390
>on "x" (place)
Why are you so mad, chilango?

>>3195361
they didn't build that

>>3202459
Explain

>>3202390
>>3202425
I scrolled down to try and encourage a fight between a Tajik and a Pashtun, but this is good enough.

BROWN PEOPLE FIGHT

FIGHT FIGHT FIGHT

EVERYBODY GET IN HERE THERE"S A BROWN PEOPLE FIGHT

>>3202538
Incas were superior to europeans though.

>>3202598
Historical fact: Incas greeted each other through a quick inspection of the other's posterior, combined with a quick bow. This gave them the reputation of being the butt sniffers of the Americas.

When Cortez landed, the Incas performed this ceremonial greeting. Cortez turned to his men and said, "Los Faggitos." Cortez' men then slaughtered the Incas wholesale.

Source: Los Faggitos de Americas Nuevo de Cortez

>>3202660
Try again with some facts, monkey.

Incas were superior to europeans. History demonstrates it. Get over it, chimp.

>>3195313
The incan empire would've experienced a golden age then decline and collapse as the ethnic groups formed new kingdoms. Empires would rise and fall just as the inca wpuld've done all the while the inti sun religion would've been spread by colonization and conquest across south America.
Eventually the south americans would've experienced a period of overpopulation and rapid technological progress as well as great political and social upheaval. The former incans would've colonised thr americas and eurasia, using their superior technology to create colonial empires to feed the vast industries of the andes.
Great wars on an industrial scale would be fought between the more powerful incan nations, resulting in the destruction of the colonial empires, and the rise of a superpower in the ex-colony of the united states of asia, which would dominate the modern age.

>>3201432
Seems pretty impressive to me.

>>3201762
>Any examples of what a Neo-Inca style would look like? Fashion, architecture whatever.
It's late at night for me, but I'll try to upload some images in the coming days if this thread's still up. Broadly speaking, you can look at three stylistic movements -- modern Quechua styles, Peruvian National Art movements, and Peruvian Indigenismo art movements -- to see what Neo-Inca would look like.

>>3195145
>inca jews
wat da fuk

>>3201432
spotted the eurangatuan

>>3201831
they know how to interpret them

>>3191779
Isn't 1/3 of this area desert? And not Arab Peninsula type desert, the 500 years without rain not even moss lives here kind of desert.

>>3206367
Some areas had that desert but the irrigation system and river deviation, made it possible for cultures to live over there.

>>3206044
Hey, what happened?

>>3201449
They are definitely at least Mycenean tier

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>>3206409
I don't think so, the bronze was used as much as the stone and copper tools, also there was a more advanced civilization near the Incas, who probably traded with the mesoamericans. The Chimu had trade routes all over Peru, they were better artisans and metal-workers, and their economic system was based on a bronze currency.

They managed to reach the early bronze age thanks to the Tiwanaku who already had bronze military, however I remember that Mycenaean culture reached the bronze age before developing writing.

Now let's not forget that all the gold spanish found was melted from the Inca capital, records affirm that the mighty walls of the city had gold figures and the metallurgy was exceptional, also the tocapus(textil imagery) and quipus alongside other artistic creations were burned or destroyed from the capital.

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>>3201449
Mmmmm

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>>3206453
Incas had an exceptional road system, god like masonry, a huge standing army and excellent burocracy, the only thing Myceneans were superior at is sailing techniques, weapons and the fact that they had war chariots

Also Incas had better agriculture and probably wouldn't have starved to death like Myceneans once a drought hit

>>3206484
Mycenaean also used the writing for administration and accounting. Really makes me remember...

>>3206489
Myceneans got their script from Minoans, and had a less organized state than Incas despite having a writing system (which they lost and reversed back to being semi nomadic once a drought hit them)

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>>3206464
>>3206484
>cherrypicking photos of a civilisation several thousand years the Inca's senior
What's wrong? Nervous?

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>>3195755

>>3206494
That's the fault of dorian savages who happened to had Iron metalworking.

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>>3206500
>That's the fault of dorian savages who happened to had Iron metalworking.

1800s tier archaeology

Dorians were Greeks and there isn't proof of any outside migration, it was just a different dialect of Greek, and no, iron working came from the east: Anatolia, Cyprus and later Phoenicians spread it westwards, it had nothing to do with Mycenean palatial system collapsing

>>3206495
You are cherrypicking, the lion gate of Mycenae and Atreus' tombs are the only example of Mycenean architecture left which look good, the rest is rubble, while I could post different Inca monuments all day

>>3206508
>tfw spanish used the Inca walls and foundations material for the construction of the cities after the conquest

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>>3206515
Why did you use the ">"?

>>3206521
Spanish literally wreck the walls for the materials.

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I read somewhere that the Inca nobility used Aymara as a secret language, although their entire empire used Runa Simi(quechua) as a language, they communicated with themselves with such privacy. I wonder if the textil symbology was based on the actual Aymara language.

Cool thread. thanks OP

I'll just start a new thread about Inca military.

This thread is pathetically spammed by shitposters.

>>3206834
Just don't engage. /pol/ gen Z kids infest this entire site.

>>3206367
>Isn't 1/3 of this area desert?
Yeah, but rivers exist, and aren't hideously spaced out from each other, so it was possible to have continuous contact across the regions as opposed to having isolated oases.

more of this, please

>>3209545
Whatcha want

>>3209546
terrace farms
cutting edge lama technology

>>3195528
Remind me of the Mongols. They didn't like to spill noble blood so they wouldn't wrap you in a carpet and kick you to death or find another way. I remember one woman was sewn into a bag and thrown in the river.

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>>3195145
wait what?

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>>3209552
pre-inca terraces in Laraos, Yauyos province

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>>3210283

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>>3210298

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>>3210305

>>3201613
Asperger's it is then.

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>>3210319

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>>3210348

>>3210360
you can see on the right side, that some walls have collapsed due to erosion, many pre-columbian terraces across the central andes have this problem

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>>3210393
since they aren't as relevant for agriculture as they were in pre-hispanic times

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>>3210512

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inca terraces

That terracing... looks like a lot of work

>>3206453
Where were the Chimu located? Metallurgy within Mexico first appears in western Mesoamerica and those cultures have some similarities to Northwestern South Americans.

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>>3210585

indeed, there are so many that today about 60 to 80 percent have been abandoned

Is there still terracing that hasn't been uncovered in the Andes?
They're fucking everywhere.

Also, someone should make a pre-columbian Andes thread so that we can talk about the Chimu, Chachapoyas, Tiwanaku, and the Caral civilization. So basically stuff in the Andes other than the Inca.

>>3207161
Don't say that.
The more quality posters we get, the better the board becomes and maybe, just maybe we'll have more good posters over shitposters on this damn board.

Then again, that's unlikely, but let's not be pessimistic about this and at least fucking try.

>>3210973
>Is there still terracing that hasn't been uncovered in the Andes?
Of course, in the sense that some places have had people stop farming on the terraces in the nearly five centuries since the fall of the Inca. But as is typically the case around the world, good farmland is less likely to stay abandoned than a generic city, since the latter is largely not a product of its exact physical location, whereas it's impossible to move good farmland somewhere else.

File: Kallachaka terraces, cusco.jpg (154KB, 960x540px) Image search: [Google]

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>>3210973
>Is there still terracing that hasn't been uncovered in the Andes?
Yes, 2 years ago archaeologists found some terraces near Ollantaytambo, and last year hints of terraces and pathways near Aguas Calientes and Machu Picchu.

>>3195145

this is downright hilarious

File: communist_feels_by_sergios117-d90gfp2.jpg (103KB, 1024x777px) Image search: [Google]

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>>3195252
Central planning

Oops, I forgot to mention that these three principles, Ama Sua Ama Quella Ama Llulla (Don't rob, don't lie don't be lazy) was pretty much interiorized and taught by the people of the Inca empire. Kind of like the chinese discipline...

>>3195145
And here I thought Mapuche jews were downright hilarious

>>3195564
Blood, marriage and trade relations transcended territories. A mountainous population could have relations with fishers from the coast, farmers from valleys and near the jungle, etc-

>>3216334
Plus, they were in fairly arable mountains and had developed good agricultural practices for the terrain, so this "mountainous population" was still mostly involved in agriculture anyways. Trade would have been a supplement, just as it was for nearly all of the world at the time.