Farming

>>1966687
Civilization = how to deal with agricultural surplus

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Probably the Aboriginals after they burnt down half the bush in favour of hunting.

>>1966693
>surplus
marx pls go

>>1966687
A definition of civilization doesn't NEED to stipulate that the society depends chiefly on agriculture, but I don't think that any reasonable definition of civilization would include cultures that don't rely on farming (agriculturally).

>>1966700
What do you think surplus means?

>>1966687
>has there been some civilizations based on hunting or fishing etc?
Nope.

Well, really, it depends on how you define civilization. No large, complex civilizations, anyway. There have been sedentary societies that didn't practice agriculture and instead relied on hunting, gathering and especially fishing for their food (some of the northwestern American Indian tribes, most of the Arctic groups, Inuit/Aleut etc). Are they civilized enough to count? That's your call.

There also have been (and in some places still are) plenty of nomadic pastoralist societies that most of us would consider to be 'civilized' (the Mongols, Tibetan nomads, the Sami, etc). But pastoralism is a form of agriculture.

>>1966704
Thanks

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Complex cultures like Tlingit, Haida, whoever built Gobekli Tepe, Poverty Point, European cave painters, etc.

Not civilizations in the sense of having cities, states or writing though.

Mongols, early Indo-Europeans and early Hebrews (if we are to believe in the legends of the bible).

File: Tlingit, Klukwan, Whale House (c. 1835 AD, photo 1895 AD).png (2MB, 1359x995px) Image search: [Google]

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>>1967585
Tlingit, Haida and other northwest natives mostly lived off of wild salmon, seal, 'beach food' like seaweed and shellfish, and berries. They had complex, hierarchical chiefdoms with unequal control of wealth and power and even slavery, much more like an agricultural society than the usual small bands of hunter gatherers.

>>1967601
Those were all pastoralists.

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>>1966687
Trade could be one.

Along the Silk Route were city states founded by Nomadic-Pastoralist Indo-Iranians that literally relied solely on trade to survive.

>>1967585
European cave painters literally lived in caves, either way not in permament villages, Gobekli Tepe people were in a transition phase between hunter gathering and farming, poverty point people knew farming

>>1967585
European cave painters literally lived in caves, either way not in permament villages, Gobekli Tepe people were in a transition phase between hunter gathering and farming

>>1966687
Mongols weren't big on farming

Not at first at least

>>1967928
what did the mongols ate?

You have to define civilization first. In the way youre thinking no none have existed

>>1968404

dead horses and everything they could salvage on their ways

>>1968404
Chinese people.

>>1967928
Neolithic Central/Eastern Mongolians were a mix of hunters,fishers and agriculturalists before the the invasion of nomadic pastoralists from the west.