centenarian diets

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>>8287134
>Okinawa, Japan
>Centenarians on Okinawa have lived through a lot of upheaval, so their dietary stories are more complicated than some of the other Blue Zones. As Buettner writes, many healthful Okinawan "food traditions foundered mid-century" as Western influence brought about changes in food habits. After 1949, Okinawans began eating fewer healthful staples like seaweed, turmeric and sweet potato and more rice, milk and meat.
>Still, Okinawans have nurtured the practice of eating something from the land and the sea every day. Among their "top longevity foods" are bitter melons, tofu, garlic, brown rice, green tea and shitake mushrooms.

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>>8287138
>Sardinia, Italy
>Buettner writes that the Sardinians explain their exceptional longevity with their assets such as "clean air," "locally produced wine," or because they "make love every Sunday." But when Buettner brought along a researcher to dig deeper, they found that pastoralism, or shepherding livestock from the mountains to the plains, was most highly correlated with reaching 100.
>So what are those ancient Sardinian shepherds eating? You guessed it: goat's milk and sheep's cheese — some 15 pounds of cheese per year, on average. Also, a moderate amount of carbs to go with it, like flat bread, sourdough bread and barley. And to balance those two food groups out, Sardinian centenarians also eat plenty of fennel, fava beans, chickpeas, tomatoes, almonds, milk thistle tea and wine from Grenache grapes.

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>>8287141
>Loma Linda, Calif.
>They also follow a "biblical" diet focused on grains, fruits, nuts and vegetables, and drink only water. (Some of them eat small amounts of meat and fish.) Sugar is taboo, too. As one Loma Linda centenarian tells Buettner: "I'm very much against sugar except natural sources like fruit, dates or figs. I never eat refined sugar or drink sodas."
>Gary Fraser, a cardiologist and epidemiologist at Loma Linda University and an Adventist himself, has found in studies that Adventists who follow the religion's teachings lived about 10 years longer than people who didn't. Another key insight? Pesco-vegetarians in the community, who ate a plant-based diet with up to one serving of fish a day, lived longer than vegan Adventists.
>Their top foods include avocados, salmon, nuts, beans, oatmeal, whole wheat bread and soy milk.

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>>8287147
>Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica
>We'd love to be invited for dinner by a centenarian here, where they #putaneggonit all the time. One delicious-sounding meal Buettner was served by a 99-year-old woman (who's now 107) consisted of rice and beans, garnished with cheese and cilantro, on corn tortillas, with an egg on top.
>As Buettner writes, "The big secret of the Nicoyan diet was the 'three sisters' of Meso-American agriculture: beans, corn and squash." Those three staples, plus papayas, yams, bananas and peach palms (a small Central American oval fruit high in vitamins A and C), are what fuel the region's elders over the century.

But how could this be? The American experts keep saying carbs are bad for you.

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http://immunityageing.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1742-4933-9-10
>Centenarians recruited in these area tended to be physically active, non-obese, small in stature, with a regular BMI (23.6±3.1), suggestive of some degree of calorie restriction with high intake of seasonal plant food and low meat intake. Their diet shows a low glycemic index because low of refined carbohydrate (no white bread, low amount of pasta, no sweeteners, sweet beverages, can food, frozen already prepared vegetables or dishes, cookies cakes or snacks). Furthermore, they have a good intake of olive and virgin olive oil from different cultivar...
>In this area, we have found a high number of centenarians in good health, with a notable increase of male centenarians. Unequivocally, their nutritional assessment showed a high adherence to the Mediterranean nutritional profile with low glycemic index food consumed. According to the scores of ADL and IADL, centenarians of both gender demonstrated a good level of independency. They did not have any cardiac risk factors or major age related diseases (e.g. cardiac heart disease, severe cognitive impairment, severe physical impairment, clinically evident cancer or renal insufficiency), although some had decreased auditory and visual acuity. Their life is characterized by social networking, acceptable physical activity and small amount of food divided among three meals, which contain a little amount of carbohydrate and meat and a lot of seasonal fruit and vegetables. In relation to biochemical parameters in centenarians, most biochemical parameters including cholesterol and triglycerides were within normal limits (data not shown) and better than those previously reported in a study of Sicilian elderly [20]. Furthermore, this reported modified Mediterranean-style show a low glycemic load.

>>8287134
why would you want to live past 60

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>>8287155
damn that looks good

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>>8287157
People don't realize a small pile of grains are not the same as three hotdog buns. Black and white thinking.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.01.003
>Studies from around the world suggest that there is considerable heterogeneity in dietary patterns and nutritional status of centenarians. Thus, at this time it seems unlikely that there is one particular dietary pattern that promotes exceptional longevity. While BMI tends to be lower in centenarians compared to older adult controls, higher BMI has been associated with a higher prevalence of chronic conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure in centenarians. Additional research is needed to elucidate the contribution of cohort, aging, and comorbid conditions to the relatively low BMI in centenarians, as well as to determine the relationship of body weight and changes in body weight to prevention and management of weight-related chronic conditions. Substantial variability is also observed in micronutrient status, with centenarians generally having poorer status compared to younger older adults. Remarkably, many of the same factors that influence micronutrient status throughout the lifecycle also are important in centenarians, such as supplement use, gastric function, season, race/ethnicity, and country of residence. Research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying differences among centenarians from various countries, which might include country-specific dietary patterns, prevailing policies regarding food fortification, supplement use patterns, and clinical nutrition interventions accepted and used in the very old. The next steps in clinical and epidemiological nutrition research in centenarians include determination of the contribution of nutritional status to health...

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20607069
>The food intake pattern is shown in Table 2. The average total food intake of subjects was 761.1 g/day. Meals were comprised primarily of plant foods (87.5% of total) such as cereals, legumes and their products, vegetables, fruits, and so on. The average intake of cereals was 232.6 g/day, and almost of this consumption derived from rice, a staple food for Koreans. The subjects consumed 26.3 g/day of legumes, nuts, and tofu, a representative soybean product consumed in Korea. They consumed 216.1 g/day of vegetables and seaweeds, including 82.2 g/day of kimchi, the most popular vegetable-fermented food in Korea, and large portion of vegetable intake was derived from various blanched vegetables (namul in Korean). They also consumed 23.1 g/day of soybean-fermented foods, such as doenjang, chungkookjang, gochujang, and ganjang. The average fruit intake was 71.0 g/day. On the other hand, subjects consumed 95.5 g/day of animal foods (12.5% of total), including 52.7 g of meat, poultry, and eggs; 30.9 g of fish and shellfish; and 10.8 g of dairy products.
>On comparing the food intake patterns between the 85-99 yr-old group and centenarians, centenarians consumed significantly more dairy products (P < 0.05) and sweets (P < 0.001) than the 85-99 yr-old group did, because some centenarians enjoyed candy and consumed yogurt. However, no significant differences in the consumption of the other food groups or in the ratio of animal to plant food intake were found.