/fungi/ - Mushroom and Fungus General

>>2415794
HYPOMYCES ARE DESTROYING MY BOLETES SEND HELP MAYDAY MAYD-

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>>2415794

Congrats on the internship! Do ants cultivate fungi like termites do? I wasn't aware. Also, I found a log in the woods with Ganoderma tsugae. how long does it usually take to get a mature specimen after sprouting?

>>2415794
Any advice for an uninitiated to grow some standard edibles in his house? Where to start, links, anything is appreciated.

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>>2415794
Beautiful harvest. Bet those are gonna be tasty. Here's the end results of my chanterelle harvest from last week.

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>>2415848
Thanks!
Yeah, there is a whole group the "Attine ants" that cultivate different fungi, including some yeasts. The most complex form is that practiced by Atta species, as such we are studying Atta cephalotes. They have developed to a point where neither the fungi or the ant can live without the other.

The growth is dependent on local climate conditions. In optimum conditions (from indoor growing experience), they often take about a month to reach a pickable size. It can go up to two though, they are slow fruiters.

>>2415870
The learning curve is pretty simple. You can probably find "Mycelium Running", "Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms" by Paul Stamets, or some of Tradd Cotters books online for cheap.
There are a number of points you could jump in. It is possible to get started growing mushrooms outdoors for as small an investment as 25$, or with a ~50$ investment you could get a pressure cooker, mini greenhouse, jars/bags, and substrate. With that setup you could potentially feed your friends and family, each indoor crop only takes around a month to reach harvest start-to-finish.

Good species to start with are Shiitake, Oysters (Pleurotus species), Stropharia rugoso-annulata (Wine-Caps), or Enoki (Flammulina velutipes). All function well at a range of temperatures and are forgiving with mistakes.
I'd recommend joining the group "Mushroom Growing" on Facebook, it is a wonderful resource for random questions and recommendations for techniques. I would actually recommend those groups for anyone interested in mushroom growing, it is a great resource.
Pic is not mine.

>>2415879
I was glad with how it turned out!
Those look great. I am glad to see another mushroom purist who eats straight sauteed mushrooms in oil, rather than always mixing them into something. A lot of people consider me weird for just eating them on their own.

>>2415794
You're very talented, i wish i had ur skill. Perhaps NUTROTION is a hugely important factor in mycology, so nutritious. Beekeepers r hoping to take advantage of mushrooms potential to help them with the mites that destroy colonies.

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The fungal gods have heard my cries to have something growing in my yard besides boring red russulas. They have responded by sending me boring white russulas.


T-thanks.

>>2416084
Adorable! Did you make those? I am actually a lampworker too! I have been practicing on arthropods lately, but the thin legs end up being the biggest issue.

>>2416152
Well, nutrition is a pretty big part of growing fungi. Their entire lifestyle is devoted to consuming the diverse forms of nutrition left behind by other organisms, so you could almost argue it is the most important aspect.

>>2416402
At least they heard you. Have you considered attempting inoculation with Hypomyces?

>>2416443
They actually smell pretty terrible. I preferred the red ones. Would H. lactifluorum get rid of the smell? If not, it'd be a pretty unappetizing lobster...

>>2416615
It should overpower any smell or taste that preexisted on the Russula. Some of the species parasitized here are spicy lactarius, and they end up being edible and tasty. H. lactifluorum is a beast.

>>2415794
>just got an internship at a lab studying Leafcutter ants
You have no idea how jealous I am. Those little bastards are fascinating.

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>>2416814
Really? That would make my yard smell less like rotten dicks and make tasty edibles simultaneously. How should I get a hold of some H. lactifluorum? Can you order the liquid cultures like you would other fungi?

You grow cubes?

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>>2418074
I am still sort of amazed the opportunity popped up. I love both ants, and fungus, so it really couldn't be more perfect. They are awesome creatures.

Footage from our lab:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLIFiZzo84A

>>2418140
You can probably order them dried. You'd expect them to be coated in spores. I would wash a whole bunch in dechlorinated water, obtaining a spore solution, and begin spritzing Russulas and Lactarius until it gets established. I know that it does have some species preference, and seeing as many Lobster mushrooms come from the PNW, you may find that PNW Lobsters don't parasitize species from other regions. But who knows, I think it is worth a try. Maybe you will trigger a giant extinction of Russulas in your area, maybe not. Do you already have Hypomyces in your region?

>>2418169
I don't. The risks outweigh the benefits for me, I wouldn't want to sell them, and I am not interested in taking them. I am pretty sure I would have a mental breakdown.

Why do you ask?

>>2418172
Nigga try a trip at least once. It's a fun time if you donot right.

>>2418176
I am way too much of a nervous person. I would totally lose my shit. I've tried salvia before, and that was an interesting but ultimately unpleasant experience. I get that Psilocybes are different, but I think I have my fill on Psychadelics.

>>2418193
nobody has a pleasant experience on salvia and it's not a psychedelic

>>2418193
Have you considered microdosing? I've done shrooms a couple times (low doses) and its honestly not that wild. Just kinda whacky thoughts and pleasant body feelings. YMMV ofc.

I personally think psychedelics can offer great positive effects to people if taken correctly (i.e. in the right setting and state of mind) but I also know they aren't for everyone. You don't have to do them if you don't want to, you do you my man

>>2418231
this

>>2418597
I have considered microdosing, but I am wary of how variable the dose can be. Without trying it once, you never know how many mg/g is present, so microdosing is kind of unpredictable. It doesn't help that everyone I know who grows is cultivating crazy strong species and strains.

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>>2418170
>Maybe you will trigger a giant extinction of Russulas in your area

If I can get lactifluorum to stick, I'm probably gonna fucking eat them all. I've never seen H. lactifluorum in person.

In other news, i found a very large bolete growing right off my back porch. Good stuff.

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>>2418822

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>>2418822
They are dirt common in my area. Russulas pop up everywhere, so they have every opportunity to take over entire sects of forest.

Sweet bolete, neat. Do you know the species?

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I'll be posting photos of this Oyster mushroom block pinning. (The term for growing mushrooms)
This is about a week after I slit the bag open, and these pins are one day old today. I'll probably post photos later tonight as well, they grow insanely fast.

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>>2420277
And here is another photo. Taken just a few minutes ago. I realize the angle is off, I never claimed I was a good photographer. They have only grown a little bit despite what the camera makes it look like. They will be much much bigger by tomorrow morning when I get another photo.

This step is so exciting, it is where the real magic happens.

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>>2418834
>Sweet bolete, neat. Do you know the species?

Unfortunately, no, I've been asked not to pick it because my normie roommate likes the way it looks in the yard. Lucky, there was a smaller one nearby that I've since taken some notes on and dried for later identification.

>>2420472
Looking good! definitely take some photos tomorrow, the growth rates are unreal.

>>2420479
It is probably a close 2nd as far as my favorite part of mushroom growing. The 1st is definitely watching mycelium rip through substrate without contamination

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>>2420472
And a third photo!
As predicted, they more than doubled in size overnight. By the end of the day we should be seeing defined caps!

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Behold! Unspoiled by slugs and fly larvae!

>>2420889
Looking good, anon. How long until you're expecting to harvest them?

>>2421011
Thanks! I expect they will be developed by tomorrow night or the morning after. This block is identical to the bag this >>2415794 came off of, so I feel pretty confident in the prediction. But, I'll be posting photos of the development so we can all watch.

>>2421006
A beaut! What species?

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>>2420889
The fourth.

I think two photos a day should get a great sequence on development. It is also a convenient bump.

>>2421096
I'll have to drop some ammonia on it to be sure, but right now I'm pretty positive it's Boletus pseudosensibilis. Close proximity to oak, and we're right smack in the middle of its distribution. Ammonia reaction should confirm or disprove easily enough.

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>>2420472
>I never claimed I was a good photographer.

Anon, have you considered scanning? I use a digital camera and am pleased with it, but just recently got introduced to the idea of scanning mushrooms and the level of detail you can get is incredible. Pic related.

http://www.mushroomexpert.com/scanning.html

>>2415794
what does it take to git gud at identifying fungi with edible, medical and [spoiler] psychidelic [/spoiler] properties?

>>2421440
also when did spoilers stop working the way they do **or am i supposed to do it like this like on ****8ch**

>>2421441
>spoilers
Fuck off

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>>2421440
Spoilers dont work on all blue boards, just specific ones like /v/ and /lit/. Also, infinitychan is for autistic faggots. Now that we've gotten that out of the way, onto your question.

>what does it take to git gud at identifying fungi with edible, medical and psychidelic properties?

The most important thing is extreme attention to detail. Good notekeeping skills help as well. There are a few "beginner" species that are borderline impossible to confuse with anything else (Lactarius indigo, Coprinus comatus, Hericium erinaceus, cantharellus/craterellus species), so most people just pick those and stop there. Then there's riskier species that shouldn't be picked unless you're very experienced, as they require a bit more detailed examination to really distinguish from toxic mimics (Rozites caperata, Psilocybe species, Agaricus campestris). The best thing to do is take a university level mycology course with frequent field excursions accompanied by a professional mycologist. If you can't do that, then I'd recommend joining a local mushroom club and learning from the more experienced mushroom collectors.

All that being said, most mushroom hobbyists and professional mycologists will be extremely unimpressed if you're just a druggie trying to find psilocybes and will likely refuse to help you. And yes, it is incredibly obvious when someone is in it just for the cheap high. A lot of mycologists don't partake of psilocybin species, but have a genuine interest in mycology as a science, and take a very dim view of being used to find drugs.

>>2421416
I love it when an ID comes down to chemical tests. Nothing makes me feel more sure than a vibrant color change, like with Agaricus and KOH.
I would love to read a book on ID'ing Ramaria, when I was volunteering at our local mushroom festival we had to have a specialist fly out and do the ID's for us, and he was getting purples and greens out of them. Super pretty.

>>2421440
For beginners, you will want to go on a foray with your local mycological society (most states have decent accessibility to one or more groups), followed by reading a few essential books.
A lot of mushroom identification is developing "an eye" for different species. It lets you differentiate Agaricus and other less easy genuses, and it only comes with lots of experience, so I won't focus on that. Another tip: get way way way more familiar with the toxic species in your region than the edible ones.
Great books I would recommend; Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World by Paul Stamets, and Mushrooms Demystified by David Arora. Davids book is sort of tailored to the northwest, but it does have good genus coverage outside of that region and should get you pretty well into a ballpark ID with the keys it includes. That's another thing, get really good with dichotomous keys. They are basically the foundation to identifying any non-distinct species.
Websites can help you out too, and I would really recommend Michael Kuo's website MushroomExpert.com.

For things specific to your region try googling "mushroom identification (X region)" and going from there, to find a nice pictorial field guide on species in your area. Going to a local mycological society website, you can probably find a list of species they have found on forays as well, and that can give you a wonderful idea of what grows in your area if you can't find any good books. Good luck anon!

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>>2421302
The fifth! They are noticeably more "mushroom-like" now.
I'll harvest tomorrow morning, so you guys can expect two more pictures.

>>2421440
>>2421468
And this anon is right. Please don't show up at a local mycological society meeting and make it obvious you only want Psilocybes, they will know right away, and you will get shunned. Also, starting out with Psilocybes is a great way to poison/kill yourself, it is not an easy genus, especially not for a beginner. A whole lot of tiny details, and deadly lookalikes, if they even grow in your region.
Most mycologists and foragers have worked pretty hard to shake the whole druggie thing from their image, and don't appreciate when people play out the stereotype.

>>2421426
That's a great idea! I feel that would work especially well for small specimens, and even myxomycetes. Lucky, because I just got a hold of a really nice scanner/printer/fax machine thing.

got a question for yall mushroom enthusiasts
any mushroom that you'd imagine that could go well in a dessert instead of a meal?

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>>2421879
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candy_cap#Culinary_use

Oh, yes.

>>2421468
>All that being said, most mushroom hobbyists and professional mycologists will be extremely unimpressed if you're just a druggie trying to find psilocybes and will likely refuse to help you. And yes, it is incredibly obvious when someone is in it just for the cheap high. A lot of mycologists don't partake of psilocybin species, but have a genuine interest in mycology as a science, and take a very dim view of being used to find drugs.
yeah that seems logical but i wanna know about IDing edibles and medical shrooms as well so i guess that won't be a problem

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>>2421723
The sixth! Didn't get around to posting it last night, so I will post it, and the final photo before harvest.

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>>2422330
Aaaand the seventh! Final photo, this is when I harvest them. Pretty big cluster, and again, I am surprised I got them to fruit so well in such hot and dry weather. I have a makeshift fruiting area that I think really helped.

Comparing to this photo, >>2420277, you can really see how quickly they change just in around 50 hours. Amazing in my opinion. It really brings to mind how much work the mycelium is doing at a cellular level

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Bizzump

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This strange object was floating a few feet off the shore of a lake in central NC. About a foot in diameter id say. I threw a stick at it and it bounced off the top, seems to have the texture of a firm mushroom.

>>2423699
Looks like flesh to me

>>2423716
You think its a carcass? I really doubt it, it didnt smell, no bugs were around it, and you can see it is anchored to the bottom of the lake

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>>2423699
>>2423737
get us a spore print

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Strobilomyces are back in my yard! Got a nice little crop of them this time.

Do magic mushrooms grow everywhere? More specifically, Ontario?

If I see mushrooms growing in my backyard, does that mean my backyard has the right conditions for any mushroom?

I know I'm being a retard, but please spoondfeed

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Can anyone id these things?

>>2423821
What does the drippy stuff taste like?

>>2423824
Are you crazy...

>>2423812
>If I see mushrooms growing in my backyard, does that mean my backyard has the right conditions for any mushroom?

Absolutely not. Mushrooms are extremely picky about their growing conditions. They don't all even use the same substrate (e.g.: saprobic wood rotters vs. mycorrhizal mushrooms).

>>2423812
Yeah bruh just make sure the soil isnt too acidic and that your shrooms will get plenty of sunlight. Kinda hard to find a good magic mushroom seed supplier these days however

>>2423821
Wow those look nice i bet they taste like orange sherbet

>>2423821
Looks like a young Laetiporus in my opinion. What is the texture like? Let them sit for a bit and see if they get bigger

>>2423824
Those drips are called guttation, and it is often slightly sweet, to bitter or spicy depending on the species. With some species you even get medicinal properties in the fluid.
.
>>2423812
I am not actually sure what grows on the eastern portion of Ontario. If your climate is anything like western Canada, then you most likely have P. cyanescens, P. semilanceata, and psychoactive Panaeolus.

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anyone know what this is ? I saw it growing out the side of a fallen tree branch next to a small stream in the lake Tahoe region

>>2423904
Where are you located?
We would need photos of the stem and underside to identify.

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>>2415794
Are these magic

>>2423837
Where do I buy mushroom seeds?

>>2423942
Do they turn blue when you chew on them?

>>2423949
You can buy spores in syringes off the web including psylocybe species as spores aren't illegal

>>2423942
No, they are not. These look like a Hypholoma species, probably either H. fasciculare, or H. capnoides.
It is the wrong season for most species of Psilocybe

>>2423837
How do you find out how acidic soil is?

>>2424388
You titrate it with standardized NaOH. Pretty simple but youll need some chemistry equipment

>>2415879
God those look tasty.
What did you marinate them in?

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Just woke up a few days ago and realized that I want to study Mycology for a living. I always loved my bio classes and labs but spent the past 7 years working out personal issues and couldn't finish college.

About to get a more stable job, so I can finally afford to take a few classes and set myself up for an actual career I can get excited about. I have no idea which part of the field I'd shoot for yet, but from what I've read there are quite a few niche fields in the study that would be pretty rad. I know it'll be rough to break into but I know the end result would be worth the effort.

tl;dr Does anyone have any advice for someone who really wants to study mycology but is just starting out?

>>2415879
you're the asshole that breaks into people's yards and call it "harvesting" aren't you?

>>2424388
>>2424964
Lol, or you could just buy a soil pH test kit.

You don't really need to amend pH of the soil for most species, as the soil isn't what they are consuming. With the exception of Psilocybe cubensis and a few others, most of the cultivated species are either grass-lovers or wood-lovers. You can grow many of them easily by laying down cardboard and straw, or cardboard and hardwood chips.

>>2425207
Go for it! There is definitely a diversity to mycology, you can end up specializing in a lot of stuff, forestry, bioreactors, ecology, mushroom cultivation science. The majority of them require going to some level of higher education to be anything recognized, but if you get really involved in the mycological community and get really good at self-study, you can give yourself a pretty well-rounded education.
With the programs that most universities offer, it ends up being largely self-taught anyways, for a lot of the subject matter.
You sort of have to decide which avenue you want to take to get any specific advice or route. In the meantime, there are a bunch of good books I could recommend if you want

>>2425218
No, that's me. I would rather harvest them, put them to use as food and as a crop, then let them rot away in a yard where noone will appreciate them. Plus, it adds a bit of suspense to the activity.

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>>2425052
Enough salt and butter to block the arteries of a small horse, anon.
>/ck/ still calls me a faggot because they dont believe I'm not using a filter to make my mushrooms look that browned

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>>2425218
>>2425218
>you're the asshole that breaks into people's yards and call it "harvesting" aren't you?

It's not nice to slander, anon. I picked those myself with the consent of my friend who owns the property. I think that mushroom burglar is a faggot too.

>>2422333
Damn, that's a lot of fungus flesh for such a short time investment. Show us some pictures of them cooked! You haven't really given us the true moneyshot yet.

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>>2426031
>mushroom burglar

>>2426252
Why does that image exist

>>2426042
I don't think I will supply cooked photos. I would be embarrassed at my complete lack of preparation. I just brown them in ridiculous amounts of butter and salt. Sometimes I use them for gravy.

>>2426252
>>2426031
Mushroom burgling is a lot of fun. I usually go on survey walks during spring and fall, to find them in the yards. Then, when night falls, I show up with a bunch of paper bags and a flashlight. I like to theorize on what I would say to the person if they caught me.

>"Sir, I apologize for hopping your fence, but this species is rare and nocturnal."

>"These fungi are an invasive parasite, I was doing you a favor by removing them."

>"I'll share!"

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>>2426918
>mushroom-growing anon and mushroom thief-faggot are the same person

I thought you were nice.

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>>2426926
Ha, I essentially first got into growing fungi because there weren't any growing in yards over the summer and middle of winter.

In my old town, most of the land was divided up into decently sized residential parcels, much of it is still healthyish forest. At the time I had no access to a car, so thievery was pretty much the only option. That said, I don't feel bad at all about taking them from yards. It isn't hurting anyone, and I am totally cool with looking like a weirdo. It is either me taking them, or they rot.
I am a proud mushroom burglar.

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Fair little mushroom. What is it guise

>>2427492
Found a few months ago in Maryland near DC

>>2427492
I would put my money on some variety of Mycena.

>>2427492
It's an LBM. Trust me. I'm an expert.

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>>2427598
>>2427492
Here you go. I think this is a solid ID, but you could compare it yourself.
http://www.mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Mycena_maculata.html

>>2427977
>M. maculata
>that solitary fruiting

I don't fuckin' think so, m8.

>>2415848

that looks like a reishi mushroom or whatever the scientific term is

but i just recently went hunting for those

its great when you dry them out and make tea with them

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>>2427986
Ganoderma tsugae is extremely closely related to ganoderma lucidum. They look very similar. I'm going to check up on that tree tomorrow, so I'll post pics of what I find. Fingers crossed!

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>>2415848
>>2427991
Absolutely gorgeous anon. Is this related? Found in Maryland. Last I saw it turned brown, and I saw another similar looking one with a stem but didn't have my phone to take a picture.

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Found in Maryland. It was all over this one area.

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Found in Maryland. Some kinda dried up slime mold? Pretty.

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Yellow blackberry brain slimemold.

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This may have been a synthetic material of some kind...not sure. I recall it feeling a bit plasticy.

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>>2428244

>>2428245
pretty cool looking nonetheless

>>2428180
Nice pic

>>2427982
Like I mentioned, I wanted people to compare and debate. If you think you have a better ID, please reveal it. Aside from the lack of companions, and no visible hairs at the base of the stem that I can see, I think this matches up pretty well. I am pretty confident on the genus identification, but I am not super well informed on differentiating Mycenas.

>>2428169
This is too young to tell. If the surface stains brown when you scratch it, it may be Ganoderma applanatum.
It is certainly some polypore though.

>>2428180
Slime mold, perhaps a Physarum species. (Maybe P. cinereum)

>>2428181
Looks like a young Stemonitis, but that is a lot more red than most specimens I see. Check back and see what color it is at maturity

>>2428245
Maybe insect eggs? I am doubtful it is fungal.

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Found some chess pieces in Maryland

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>>2428446
>>2428169
>>2427991
Found this just now

>>2428499
Beautiful! I am not sure on the species, but that is some type of Amanita.

>>2428516
Definitely Ganoderma, probably G. curtisii. (based on the presence of hardwood leaves in the photo, I assume it is growing on hardwood).

You should clone it onto cardboard and get it growing at home!

>>2427977
Wow, you're actually bad at IDing if that's what you think that mushroom is

>>2430080
Lol, go ahead and tell me why.

>>2430080
desu IDing mushrooms with just a photo comparison and not being able to examine details in person is almost always gonna end up off unless you have a beginner species. Thief-anon is a faggot, but that's no reason to be a jerk about it.

>>2430308
Not that anon, but I'll go ahead and tell you that almost everything about it looks different. From where it's growing, to how it grows, to the shape, colour, texture, and patterns.

Are you the retard from the other thread that was misidentifying mushrooms? What's your game? Are you trying to kill people with your ego?

>>2430819
Whew, I don't think any of you have participated in online identification.Everything has to be taken with a giant grain of salt. That said, I do an insane amount of online identification and understand that it takes a lot of discussion and participation from the photo-poster to reach a tentative ID.

Not once did I say that I was confident in my ID, and I even went ahead to mention that other people were welcome to give critique and suggest other species. We are working from a photo where the gills are barely visible, and a stem base that may be buried in wood.

>where it grows
That matches up, it is growing on dead wood, where it should be.

>how it grows
I agree here, it should be growing with many friends, but it isn't outside the realm of possibility that it would be growing singly

>the shape
It is campanulate, which matches up.

>the color
A shade of lighter gray, hygrophanous, with white gills and a gray stem. Matches up.

>texture
It has a striate margin, and a hygrophanous cap that affects said striations, also matches up.

>patterns
What? Have you ever identified a mushroom before? The only time I hear people talk about patterns is in the scales of lepiotoids and different types of stem reticulation.

I am pretty certain that your lack of another suggestion means you are just being irritating. By all means, I am willing to have an informed discussion about why you think my identification was wrong.

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wutz deez

>>2430866
Hey anon I'm only half paying attention to the arguing in here but I don't see anything wrong with what you're doing. To other anon(s), offer your own ID suggestions instead of berating others for theirs. There's no need to be combative here.

>>2430869
Whoa, pretty.
Could we get a photo of the top?
Where are you located?

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>>2430874
>tfw slightly out of focus

Marylandu

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>>2430876
Last one

>>2430884
Would you say the caps are slightly felty or hairy?
I would look into the Genus Panellus, and I am proposing a tentative ID of Panellus stipticus, based on size, color, habitat, and the gill attachment. (stops abruptly at the lateral stem)

Cool factoid: The mycelium and sometimes fruitbodies of P. stipticus glow in the dark. If the log is small enough, I would recommend taking it into a dark room and chipping away at the log a little bit to reveal glowing mycelium. It can be anywhere from absent, to very bright. Brightly glowing strains are sold as novelty glowing mushroom kits.

I hate bugs. At what point does a mushroom become unacceptable for you?

I think I might start growing mushrooms just so that I don't have to deal with potential bugs.

>>2431866
So bug ridden that the mushroom has a spongy consistency. Like, really worm-ridden.
Soaking in saltwater, or just ignoring it and frying up anyways are usually my strategy. Extra protein.

>>2431866
I always slice any prospective mushroom i'm looking to collect for food in half. If I see any fly larvae tunnels (examining especially closely in boletus, russula, and lactarius species), I nope out of there pretty quickly.

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Harvested this last year while on acid. I was invincible against the bugs. Found a couple today. Cinnabar chanterelle. Find them easily along stream beds in the sand or on slopes where water runs underneath in the dirt. Anyone know of some places by Boston to hunt?

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Been finding lots of chanterelles. This is today's haul

How do I go about selling them? I have so many already dried and frozen and I just don't have room for any more.

>>2432396
Contact local grocery stores, and if that fails try to buy a spot at a nearby farmers market. You probably won't have much of a market for dried, but fresh usually sells well.

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Appalachian mycoanon back and REALLY wondering why you're all sperging out over a fucking mycena. Seriously, it's an LBM. For fucks sake, guys... Instead, look at my strobilomyces! They're pretty!

>>2432010
Gorgeous haul. The cantharellus should still be there, anon. Have you checked back since?

>>2432396
Farmers markets would be my first instinct. Larger grocery stores tend to be far stricter with FDA regulations for liability reasons.

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>>2432396
on that note, using a mesh laundry hamper to collect mushrooms is brilliant. I've just been using cardboard up to this point. Thanks for the idea, anon!

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Also, I've got an absolutely enormous amount of Russula virescens and R. crustosa sprouting up in my yard. Any suggestions for the kinds of dishes they would go well in?

>>2432489
Ive worked in several restaurants where local foragers just show up and ask to speak to the chef. they'll usually buy them right off you on the spot.

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>>2415794
Can someone identify these? I have no clue what kind they are and they keep popping up

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>>2434175
Underneath

>>2434175
Please take clearer pictures and provide information about your geographic location, and I may be able to help you further.

>>2434179
Alright I was in a hurry, sorry. Im in pasadena, texas. Will report back with clearer pictures

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>>2434179
>>2434175

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I found these little guys in my yard. Actually my kids did when they kicked them over.

Pretty sure they are amanitas but I'm not sure what kind.

Underneath two big old pines. Nearest tree is a crab apple tree about 30 ft away. The tree line is about 250 ft away and that's full of ash maple and apple trees.

Dirt is really water logged clay.

I'm on the outskirts of alleghany national Forest in nwpa

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>>2434228

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>>2434229

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>>2434232

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>>2434235
Any help would be appreciated.

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>>2418759
I would recommend Psilocybe tampanensis then, AKA the psychedelic truffle. Not many people grow it, but the psilocybin levels are about the same as cubensis, except for the fact that the levels are about the same everytime, there's not much variation in potency

Hey guys! Sorry if I sound stupid...
I want to get into mycology. Possible as a career.... If thats the right term for it?
I absolutely love fungi and sadly, i never had the time to do research into this... But i recently graduated highschool and i want to get into things!

Any tips? Can anyone point me in a good direction?
All ive been able to really do is study up on different kinds of fungi and mushrooms... So i apologize for being ignorant outside of that.

Thank you very much in advance!!

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Can anyone identify these?

Sadly, this is the only picture i have... These popped up last year in the rainy season under my tree. I'm in Nevada so its usually a pretty dry, shroomless(?) climate.

These guys grew a bit longer until they couldnt support the weight. Theyre pretty cute and I've always wondered what they were.

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>>2415794
Can anyone ID this guy, found it in northeast US, in grass in backyard. I think Its beautiful

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>>2434713
>>2434713

So why are psychedelic mushrooms illegal?
Also why are the spores legal? You would think the government would track whover bought them till they grow it.

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>>2434552
>Hey guys! Sorry if I sound stupid...
It's alright, the bar is set quite low here.
>I want to get into mycology. Possible as a career.... If thats the right term for it?
I hope you're aware there's not a lot of money in it and your best chance at being able to study it for a living is getting a PhD in it and teaching biology at a university, where they'll let you do research in peace. It's a brutally difficult career path for the payoff, but don't let that deter you if you're serious and passionate about it.
>Any tips? Can anyone point me in a good direction?
Attending a University of your choosing is a good start, preferably with the best biology department you can find.
Good luck.

>>2434571
At a glance, I'd place in the genus Coprinellus. Species ID would require some details that you probably dont have access to without a fresh mushroom in your hands.

>>2434713
>>2434715
A very old specimen of one of several red-capped, blue staining boletes. My estimation is Boletus harrisonii. You'll probably never know for sure unless you can find another fresh one and do a more comprehensive diagnosis.

>>2434802
Because western governments tend to be a bit puritanical, especially with psychoactive compounds. I think the whole "nanny state" business is nonsense, but that's a discussion for /pol/.

>Also why are the spores legal?
Because the mushroom cell matter isn't illegal. What's illegal are the chemical compounds psilocybin/psilocin. Since the spores don't have this compound present, then they're not technically regulated. A funny case of very specific legal wording resulting in a loophole with how the law can be enforced.

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>>2434890
(I'm >>2434552)

Dude, thanks!! Honestly, I never see anyone talking about mycology so I really had no idea where to go about things. I really appreciate your response! I have a few set plans for my career path, and coming from poverty, monetary gain is really my goal at the moment... So chances of me being able to freely pursue the study are pretty low, but you never know!
At the very least I can do in-depth self-study. Even if its just as a hobby.

But dude, really, thanks! If you want, I'm an artist and I'd love to draw you something as thanks. Who knows, you could end up impacting my life drastically, given I get the chance!
I'm best with drawing people, but ask for whatever. I really appreciate your reply and I'd love to do more than just say "Thank you!"

I'd draw it digitally. :D

>Image is an art sample (a doodle), here's hoping I dont get in trouble for posting something non-animal/plant related...
>But i mean the character's design was loosely based on mushrooms sooo

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>>2435559
A more recent sketch of the same character that is much more recent, but a bit more sloppy

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Any clue what this is?

>>2435704
Anymore photos of it?

>>2435718
Nah, sorry. Somebody texted that to me asking for an ID. I'm a horticulturist and they got it in their mind that my plant ID skills were transferable to fungi.

>>2435704
Looks like another red-capped bolete, but cant be 100% sure from that angle. Could be one of several species, see >>2434890

>>2435744
Thanks. I actually came up with B. bicolor myself after a cursory Google search. Identifying mushrooms is a pain.

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>>2435750
>Google B. bicolor to get an image to accompany my post
>First result is "Baorangia bicolor"
>what the fuck is that
>Read the article
>See pic related

FUCK OFF YOU PCR-OBSESSED CUNTS
BOLETUS WAS A PERFECTLY GOOD GENUS

>>2435765
Ha, that shit's rampant in horticulture. My professors always said "Systematic botanists have to find work too." Good to know the fuckery extends to mycologists as well.

>>2415870
Start with oysters. They will probably be the easiest and cheapest to get going.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHJQrsZFQdE
That little series is perfect for oyster mushrooms.

>>2415983
you should create a pastebin or something, i'm sure you're tired of saying the same thing over and over again lol. thanks for the info though, i want to try to grow oysters.

>>2435765
Seriously. There are some places I think it is reasonable, like the renaming of our North American species to distinguish them from their European counterparts, but ultimately, splitting up entire genuses more and more just creates a disadvantage for everyone else. The ones that bug me the worst are when they split a genus over an entirely genetic issue, with no ties to any major morphological differences.

>>2436505
I should. Every thread it seems like I have to say the same thing over and over. It isn't as bad as the first "mycology AMA" thread though.

>>2432728
Aren't Russulas kind of gross texture-wise? The brittleness always threw me off so I haven't tried any.

>>2432733
I think it can also depend on state and countywide regulations. Some people have to get certifications on food safety and management before anyone can take them. It is an issue growers run into mainly.

>>2434188
I'm not sure. With the white gills and cone-shaped cap it almost reminds me of Volvariella, but I see no volva remnants. I am not super familiar with southern species though.

>>2434237
nwpa?

>>2434240
>Psychadelic truffle
Is this one of the species that pumps out sclerotia rich in Psilocybin? The things people call "Philosophers stones"

>>2434552
It can be regional, and there are also different fields you can get into.
A lot of what >>2434890 said is true. To elaborate on him saying the bar is high (please correct me if I misinterpret), most of the education has to be pursued on your own terms. There is a lack of specified mycology education in most universities/colleges, and you end up deciding where you want to end up depending on the route you take with your education. It is not like other fields where you take X classes, and get set up for X job. You have to do a ton of work, and truly show that you can contribute to the field.

There are forestry survey jobs that tie in with some botany, but that is very regional. There are also agricultural mycology opportunities pretty much anywhere (a lot of money there, fungi are a leading cause of crop loss and indirectly kill thousands through starvation). There is taxonomic/phylogenetic work where you can make money by manipulating fungal DNA in a machine, to effectively confuse everyone else and clutter up reasonable taxonomy. There's a variety of research positions, but obviously those depend on the labs in your area, or labs that you are willing to travel to. Teaching is also an option, as >>2434890 said. If the market is in your area, focusing on cultivation techniques can be extremely profitable. Wholesalers can eat up supply as fast as you can produce it, and if you apply mycological techniques and thinking you can become much more efficient than the average agricultural operation.

We need more people though. If you are willing to put passion into achieving the goals, than go for it!

This board is so pleasant and kind and respectful oh my lord

>>2436736
how necessary is it to pasteurize the straw before chucking oyster spawn in it? I'm thinking of just putting a bunch of crap in a bag, littering some oyster spawn in it.

what's the process after you inoculate the material? you put it in the dark/humid spot, how do you induce pinning?

https://pastebin.com/0s04JXhx

here we go, put it in the next mycology thread as "oyster growing"

>>2436796
It depends on how heavily you inoculate, and the age and quality of the straw.
If the straw is old, it definitely won't work. There is a complex fungal community devoted entirely to breaking down straw, and they will pretty much always outcompete.
If you are working with fresh straw, then the chances go up, and now the biggest factor is going to be the amount of inoculant.
If you use a fuckton of inoculant, (like 30-40% by volume), then you can pretty much just burst the growth and quickly outrun contamination. Your chances for failure are going to be much higher though, and after your first harvest the mycelium will weaken and it's likely mold will pop up, attacking the block.

Once it is inoculated make sure it has some level of air exchange, either by putting needle pricks in the bag, or a filter patch, or a cotton ball tied into the end. There are a lot of methods, but it needs to have some oxygen entering through a small hole, or filter, to keep out most contamination. Not so much exchange it dries out though. The mycelium will just stall out if it doesn't have enough oxygen.
Keep it in a clean, dark area that stays from 60-75 degrees, and it should colonize in around three weeks. Faster if you over-inoculated. A cupboard or basement is usually perfect.

To initiate pins, wait until the whole block is fully colonized, then set the block in a lit area. Slice the bag open and begin misting the holes daily. In the course of the next week it should show pins.
If your fruiting area is too dry or airflow too high they will all abort, so you need to figure out how much misting or rearranging is necessary to keep them growing. A big reason I recommend kits before going through the whole process is because it gives you a chance to figure out fruiting, the manipulation of light, humidity, and oxygen exchange. It is better to try and fail on a kit than a block you spent forever making.


>>2436800
Thanks!

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>>2436736
Aren't Russulas kind of gross texture-wise? The brittleness always threw me off so I haven't tried any.

They're nearly identical in texture to Lactarius, of which L. paradoxus is one of my favorite edibles that I usually find snuggled up on my pine trees. Very meaty mushrooms, those.

>>2436827
Meant to greentext that first bit. Boo on me for phoneposting.

>>2436827
I haven't tried any Lactarius either for the same reason. I imagined it would be like frying a piece of iceberg lettuce. Crunchy and soggy. I'll give it a try though, why not

>>2436825
ok, i added that too. i think that makes a pretty good beginner guide now:
https://pastebin.com/ar4VLXkh

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>>2436857
Quite the opposite actually. The sphaerocysts give it the most flesh-like texture out of any fungi, in my opinion. Orange and blue-latexed lactarius are right up there with shaggy manes in terms of edibility: good, but requires some knowledge of how to cook them.

>>2415794
where do people live? has onyone ever gone foraging in socal?

>>2437029
Thanks again!

>>2437035
Something about bleeding blue kind of turns me off, but you are definitely making me want to try some.

>>2437050
Oregon, specifically the Willamette Valley region.
How far south in Cali are you? Near any mountains?

>>2437111
i'm in pasadena. I guess i'm near some mountains?

>>2436740
Holy shit.. Thank you SO much. Really and truly. You've increased my motivation tenfold! I truly love mycology and, given I am able to, I would take any chance given to hop on that train.

You have been incredibly helpful and I'm almost speechless..
The other anon never replied (its still open for ya though dude!), but feel 100% free to repond to >>2435560 >>2435559 as well! Really! I almost feel guilty having you help me so much.

Thank you again for just being so amazingly kind and helpful.

What's up fun guys. I'm new to this board but wanted to get into hunting psilocybin mushrooms in my area. I live in upstate New York and we've had a mild summer and hope to get into hunting them sometime soon as we get into fall.
Factors:
>Lots of rain recently
>live near a lot of forests and nature preserves
>access to many farms and open fields
>Low and high elevations nearby
>have found tons of fungi but none are what I'm looking for
>cops don't really give a shit
Thanks to anyone who can give me advice in advance

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blackreach bump

What % of all mushrooms are psilocybe? I think I find 1 in every 1000 mushrooms that I actually notice

>>2437221
apparently lots of it grows near animal poop, so go to one of the farms where they have cows or horses

>>2438090
6.947% of all mushroom are psilocybe.

>>2438090
A statistic like that is kind of irrelevant, because the % is going to vary wildly depending on habitat and season. Someone who knows where to look might find them immediately, whereas a beginner might spend weeks with no luck.

>>2438112
I don't think that is accurate. There are way more fungi than that, and Psilocybe isn't a particularly huge genus.

>>2437221
There are a number of Psilocybe species that occupy different niches. There is one major Psilocybe species that grows on dung in tropical areas, P. cubensis. This is also the species grown indoors and sold on the market. It is not found in most of the US, and definitely won't be found in NY. Way too northern.
Species that you might expect in fall or very wet spring, P. ovoideocystidiata, and maybe P. caerulipes. You really don't have many wild Psilocybe species in your area. There are other psychoactives that contain Psilocybin though, more fall fruiters including Panaeolus cinctulus and a couple other Psychoactive pans, and some psychoactive Gymnopilus.
That said, I would never ever in a million years trust a beginner to try and identify Panaeolus or Gymnopilus correctly. A whole bunch of deadly toxic lookalikes that occur in similar habitats.

You are pretty much shit out of luck in terms of foraging unless you want to risk serious poisoning. You are better off buying spores of P. cubensis and growing them in your closet.

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>>2438223
I was being sarcastic when I posted >>2438112, for the reasons you outlined above. Sorry.

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About a year ago I saw a mushroom that looked like pic related and was about 6 inches wide in the southern Californian mountains, anyone know the name of it?

>>2438348
>guys
>theres this mushroom
>and get this
>it was white
>but thats not all
>it was also ROUND
>crazy, right? please give me the specific epithet based on this crude representation

All shitposting aside, based on your description, the best I can do is that you had a pseudoangiocarpic, hemiangiocarpic, or angiocarpic mushroom.

>>2438361
>it was also ROUND
>crude representation
It wasn't just round you fuck sack. It was covered in geometric flat planes just like the dome, but I think each one was five sided.

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>>2438372
>>2438348
You are most likely describing a "sculpted puffball". I would guess Calvatia sculpta. Calbovista subsculpta is another possibility in California though.

>>2438320
Ah, sorry I didn't catch that. I dig the moss in the photo

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>>2438430

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>>2438431
That's it, thank you anon.

Is it mushroom season in the northern uk yet?

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Found these by the park. what are these?

1/3

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>>2438845

2/3

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>>2438848

3/3

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>>2438845
>>2438848
>>2438850

You didn't provide your location and the pictures dont provide enough details to get a solid species ID, but I can probably give you the genus, at least.

>>2438845
Lepiotoid mushroom, probably somewhere in Macrolepiota.
>>2438848
Polypore. Probably a Ganoderma species.
>>2438850
Again, something like Macrolepiota.

>>2438869
all 3 are in southeast usa.

>>2438869
I don't think that there are any Macrolepiota or lepiotoids that grow directly from dead wood.

>>2438850
>>2438845
I am going to say Neolentinus, probably N. lepideus.
The pine needles on the ground nearby hint at the stump being pine, which lines up as a suitable habitat.

>>2438848
Weird, the shape and growth habit are really similar to Ganoderma, but I am not informed on any white varieties in the US. Could we get a shot of the underside?

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>>2438996
No? I figured lepiotoids were saprobes, and it looked reasonably close, so I figured I'd toss out the suggestion. Ah well. Not familiar with Neolentinus, I'll have to study that genus more.

>>2439474
They definitely resemble lepiotoids, if the stem wasn't shaggy, and the stump wasn't visible, I would've guessed a Lepiotoid, or Agaricus.
I know there are some that like woody soils, but Lepiotoids are mostly lovers of organics below the soil layer. Whether it be sawdust, straw, leaves, or wood fragments.
The stump was more indicative of Neolentinus, than it was contradictory to Lepiotoids. If you get what I am saying.
I am new to the genus, but it is a common warm and dry weather fruiter, which also makes it a bit distinct.

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LOOKY THIS HERE BEAUT

Maryland

>>2440870
What a pretty old boi. Betcha if you sliced him in two, he'd turn a dull blue.

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>>2441024
wut iz it

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>>2438430
Is this similar? Found in Maryland

>>2441066
It's a (ugh) Baorangia, most likely. Species ID depends on some chemical tests. Put a drop of ammonia on the cap and take photos, if you want.

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So teeny. MD

>>2441087
Almost certainly a dried/rotting mycena. More information found here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom_hunting#Little_brown_mushrooms

>>2441074
Thanks anon! Looking at an image search I've seen these around a lot at various stages. Now I can confidently declare UGH BORE-AYE-N-GEE-UH next time I see one.

>>2428245
Definitely caterpillar eggs

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>>2441089
Sorry, I don't mean to be a whiny faggot. If you called it a red-capped boletus, nobody would look at you funny. I promise. If you're wondering why I'm being a cunt about the genus, see >>2435765. But also, some context:

Molecular biology is an amazing field with an absolutely enormous amount of useful applications. Instead of practicing those techniques, MB's have discovered that they can build careers off of reshuffling commonly accepted taxonomy into genera based on nothing but genetic relationships that they can attach their name to, despite potentially knowing nothing else about the subject. The reason this is frustrating is that they are trashing decades of meticulous taxonomic work based on the actual morphology of fungi with shitty lab work that a brain-dead undergrad can perform. It's technically valid, but it's a piss poor, lazy way to build a name for yourself as a biologist and it's going to do a lot of long-term harm to the field in exchange short-term career recognition.

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What's the weirdest fungus you know about?
i always have wanted to see those glowing mushrooms.

>>2441071
If you uprooted one I might be able to tell you. It isn't the same species, too small, but it could be related.

>>2441088
>>2441087
I caught you there!

This is actually a very interesting specimen. It is a basidiomycete lichen! The algal symbiote lives on the surface of rotten logs, which are colonized by a mushroom-forming basidiomycete. This symbiote is viewed right here in the photo; the green coated-log is the algal partner, and the "mushroom" is actually the fruiting body of the basidiomycete partner.

This particular specimen is Lichenomphalia. It should revive if you get it wet.


>>2441139
Zygomycetes are pretty cool. Pilobolus, the spore-thrower, has actually developed a complex eye with a retina and lense, so that it can aim a spore-firing cannon. The projectile sporeload that they fire also takes off with more G's than any human-engineered system.
You should check out the youtube videos on it.

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>>2441182
>the spore-thrower, has actually developed a complex eye with a retina and lense, so that it can aim a spore-firing cannon.
what the fuck

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>>2441186
Check it.

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>>2441188
The orange pigment at the base is what acts as the retina. The black dot on top is the projectile

>>2441188
I did, and it's damn cool
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrKJAojmB1Y

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For a new grower, how much space would it consume if I just wanted to grow some edible mushrooms like oysters and portobellos?

I'm moving into a very small trailer and with all the stuff I'll be growing outdoors, I'll have to do anything else on the porch which is covered and perfect for growing fungi.

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>>2441138
>tfw too stupid to understand
>tfw only know like 2 mushrooms and only by cute names like friendship mushroom and bird's nest fungi

So basically...mushroom identifiers name and generally agree on what a mushroom is called based on whatever stuff. And molecular biologists look at them under microscopes and re-categorize/rename them based on their genetic relationships to...other fungi? I don't totally get it but I jive with the want for purity so thank you for steering me right senpai. And desu, not knowing anything about any of this, when I said BORE-AYN-N-GEE-UH I was hoping to possibly be corrected on the pronunciation.

Here's some cute buddies found in Maryland.

>>2440870
>>2421096
>beaut
Well that was a coincidence. Is that its nickname or does it just inspire people to call it a beaut?

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>>2441202
Portobellos are not really feasible for most people, but Oysters are a definite possibility.
See;
https://pastebin.com/ar4VLXkh

The minimum amount of space used is one single cupboard during incubation, and about one square foot of countertop during fruiting. It really doesn't take up much space at all. If you can free up a kitchen countertop and a stove that covers all of your processing as well. Even the most under-equipped apartment could pull oysters off easily.

>>2441316
It is actually a bit different. Most fungal species designations for mushrooms (macrofungi) are based off of morphological differences, either visible features (macroscopic features), or microscopic features that can only be seen on a microscope.
These features are generally repeatable, recorded features that occur throughout the entire species. Sometimes species are designated based on mating studies though, by the concept that a species is distinct once it cannot interbreed. That isn't super common though.
Most people can access macroscopic features well enough to identify the majority of relevant species.

The re-grouping that is going on is all based off of molecular and genetic differences. The people revealing the genetic makeup of different specimens are trying to re-establish our basis for species, only by looking at their genetic information.
Often times, the people who are putting effort (getting paid for) into establishing these relationships have no experience with the species they're working with, and it isn't uncommon for them to sequence and reclassify a misidentified specimen.

>>2441321
Lol, Beaut is just an abbreviation of beautiful.

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>>2441558
These are photos I took today of Morchella importuna (Black landscape morel) spores germinating on agar.
Notice how the apical ends of the spore is where the hyphae began. These colonies are only 24 hours old, and they are already germinated and about 4mm in radius.

I am super proud of these photos. I developed the method used from scratch. I wanted to view growing cells on the scope, so I figured out how to use a reservoir slide with agar to create micro-scale petri dishes. This lets me study the cells literally as they grow, with no disturbance.
Some cool studies are on the horizon!

>>2441316
Oh, those are Pluteus btw. In case you wanted an ID.

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>>2441561
>I figured out how to use a reservoir slide with agar to create micro-scale petri dishes. This lets me study the cells literally as they grow, with no disturbance.

That is the single coolest microscopy idea i have ever heard and I am very sorry that I won't be able cite you for the method when I inevitably use it due to anonymity.

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>>2441568
Thanks! Have fun! You can cite me as "Anon, Mushroom. 4Chin post#2441561, 7/27/17."

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Leucocoprinus birnbaumii found during a shopping trip. Fun!

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>>2442871

>>2442872
I love these little guys. So colorful!

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Parasitic fungus bump

>>2443693
I wonder if the taste of cordyceps varies depending on its substrate.

>>2443777
I would have to imagine it does. Usually the chemistry is super dependent on substrate composition. I know it drastically effects the taste of commonly cultivated species

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What species is this? Found it growing in a forest if that helps

>>2444248
Can we get photos of the underside and stem?

>>2444414
What state are you in?

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>>2444414
...preferably intact and not in slime form, pleae.

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Found some sunnyside up eggs in Maryland

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>>2445061
And a bagel

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>>2445076

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>>2445077

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>>2445078

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>>2445079

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>>2445082

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>>2445084
These weird red balls are all covered in goop. The next day one appeared to have exploded!

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>>2445086
Are these mushrooms?

lOLL

What a lovely collection of photos! If you want IDs on most of these, I'll need your location, but first, a couple of points:

>>2445076
Infundibuliform cap. God, I love that word. Almost certainly a Russula or Lactarius.

>>2445086
Calostoma cinnabarinum, maybe? I've collected one once and it seems quite similar.

cool bird, bump

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>>2445096
All are Maryland. Dis one too

>>2444418
Im in the uk

>>2445156
we can't identify without photos of the underside.

>>2445077
Most likely a Pluteus specimen

>>2445079
Can you give it a sniff? Marasmius oreades is a possibility.

>>2445084
Possibly an Omphalotus species. Cannot see stem/stem base clearly enough to guess well though.

>>2445087
No, these are a mycoheterotrophic plant. A plant that parasitizes fungi for nutrition, they exist without any need for sun. (other than the carbon fixed into organics that the fungus is eating)
I am not super good at ID'ing these, but I am giving it a tentative ID of Monotropa uniflora

>>2445096
>>2445086
I've never heard of this species before, how cool! If I saw them in person I definitely would've thought it was a gel coated seed.

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>>2445325
>>2445077
>Most likely a Pluteus specimen

Thanks for all your IDs! Here's another picture of these guys.

>>2415794
Internship? Do you mean a post doc?

I'm a mycologist currently doing a post doc, I won't say what research area because I'm rather protective of my privacy. But I lost interest in basidiomycetes early on and am an ascomycete guy, unfortunately these threads usually lack ascos.

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Maryland

>>2445492
Intern at the undergraduate research level.
I began informal projects on my own, and have been able to begin formalized projects through others facilities. At this lab I can actually get my name on a paper as an undergrad, which is pretty rare.

How long have you been a mycologist? What attracted you to Ascomycetes?

I've been doing a lot of study on them related to a long-running project, the indoor cultivation of Morchella importuna.

>>2445665
Look into the species Coprinellus disseminatus

>>2445455
You're welcome! Keep in mind, the ID's are tentative. As you'll see below.
I didn't see any ring in this photo! >>2445077

I think Lepiota atrodisca, or another small lepiotoid species is possible. You probably aren't going to get much closer an ID than that. Small lepiotoids are a hassle except for super distinct ones like Leucocoprinus birnbaumii.

>>2439474
>>2438996
Looks like there are a few smaller Lepiotoids that grow on wood! I stand corrected.

>>2445698
I reviewed a paper by some Chinese researchers recently and learned that they cultivate morels on a large scale. They had images of rows of morels in farms, it was impressive.

I finished my PhD 6 months ago but became very interested (obsessed) with mycology about 10-11 years ago. I can't believe it's been that long.

I enjoy microscopy and hyphomycetes and ascomycetes are quite beautiful under the microscope. I find ascos more interesting than basidiomycetes for whatever reason, maybe it's their ecology, more diminutive size, interesting anamorphs, and such.

Definitely try to get your name on a paper as an undergrad. If you want to pursue mycology/academia, publications are the main currency. It's especially competitive in research these days, so you'll need as many papers as you can. Once you the PhD level, marks don't matter, it's all about papers and networking.

>>2445850
Yeah, there is an even more recent paper released last month that goes further into detail. Thankfully, they only cultivate outdoors, which restricts them substantially. Whoever figures out indoor cultivation will quickly destroy their market. The outdoor industry in America hasn't even begun yet, so that is still open territory that I will be working on this upcoming fall. I just got access to 11 acres to experiment with! Wish me luck on indoor and outdoor efforts.

And believe me, I am definitely trying to get my name out there.
A lot of the the preexisting projects in the lab right now need large amounts of tedious data collection, and if I contribute enough on those I will get my name added somewhat easily. The real goal is if I can get my own project rolling with them, and that is way harder. It also looks a lot better if I can be the first (or only) author listed. Thankfully, my particular focus in mycology has an extreme amount of unanswered questions, and if you are successful the results practically show themselves off as evidence (big beautiful, previously uncultivated mushroom species).

I really love microscopy. It is where you can truly connect with fungi at their most basic level. Competitive behavior is a big interest of mine, and I recently figured out a super simple method, >>2441561 , to watch microscopic battles unfurl in real time.

Anyways, it is cool to see another mycologist on these threads. I think that makes three or four now, way more than I expected.

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>>2445087
Old Indian Pipe

http://wsharing.com/WSphotosIndianPipe.htm

>>2445874
Don't worry about being the sole author, these days it's all about collaborations. Try to get at least one first author publication and get your name stamped on as many other papers as you can.

I was definitely burnt out and a little jaded for the last year of my PhD. I loved my research and the field, but the job prospects can be a bit disheartening. I would have encouraged everyone to be a mycologist in the past, but now I'm a little more pragmatic. Definitely think broadly and be practical, consider your next steps, what your ideal position would be, come up with plan Bs, and cultivate transferable skills. Think about what you want out of life and what sort of position can help you attain this.

Academic positions are few and far between and rather cutthroat. Funding is declining and federal research is not looking so well under the current administration. Be realistic, work hard, and don't give up.

Also, you will pretty much have to learn genomics, so try to pick up some wet lab skills and bioinformatics experience, even if it is not your forte.

>>2445938
I definitely have plan B's worked out. I have a job at a mushroom farm, and my own glassblowing studio, so I should be set.
From what I understand, the available funding for mycology is mostly going towards genetics research relating to phylogeny.
I really want genetic manipulation/observation skills, especially with the Ascomycete work I have been doing. There are a lot of genetic factors to growing Morchella that I think people are neglecting.

We don't talk about the current administration and science funding. Knock on wood.
What research have you worked on in the past, if you can talk about it?

>>2446008
I am a taxonomist with ecological leanings (or maybe vice versa). I've cultivated a number of collaborations given my relatively few years in the field, which means I have worked on diverse, unrelated fungi. I am especially interested in endophytes and plant pathogens.

I don't want to sound too cynical but it is interesting that some profs/researchers get a lot of money for phylogenetics or genomics work, expand into large labs with good "pedigree", yet churn out grad students who often have to leave the field for employment. If the research is so hot and important that it gets lots of funding, why can't new people get positions?

Profs rely on grad students to drive their research, so there is an incentive to hire students regardless of their own well-being (ie future career opportunities). It's a pyramid scheme in some ways and the system means profs have to pump out grad students even if there is a glut.

I am optimistic about my own job prospects but I do wonder about this career path a lot. That's why I no longer tell students to simply pursue their passion blindly; there has to be a practical aspect, which usually can only be appreciated when you get a bit older.

Well that sounded cynical after all.

A transcriptomics approach identifying the genes responsible/active during ascoma production in Morchella could be a neat thesis. I am sure people have done this for Agaricus bisporus or other fungi, which could be interesting for comparison given their differences in ecology and mushroom production.

>>2446256
Transcriptomics, that is studying the mRNA right? To get an idea of what proteins are being produced at a certain period of activity?

Can a shroom form a mychorriza with a bonsai tree?

>>2446919
Yep. There are more than enough symbionts for almost every plant species on earth.
The symbiont would depend on the species of tree you were using. Also, don't you have to constantly disturb the soil for bonsai manipulation? If you constantly exchange and remove the soil you will damage the mycorrhizae.

Chances are though, that unless bonsai masters are autoclaving their soil, every bonsai you have seen already has fungi attached to its roots. Just because it is there doesn't mean that it will produce mushrooms either. It is noticeable as an increase in hardiness and vigor of the plant.

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Found in Western MA. I have seen these all over the woods out here, many in much better shape than this one. Is it a porcini/bolete?

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>>2447282
Another angle

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Anyone know what types of shrooms these are?

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>>2447698
Same shroom

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Found all of these growing on trees

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>>2447282
>>2447285
Yes to the bolete, no to the porcini. Looks like it might be a blue staining bolete, from the look of the stipe in the second picture. Slice one in half, it looks neat.

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Hello guys, i am hoping to get an id on this robust fellow if possible. Just picked him on a mountain in northern virginia. My uninitiated scannings suggest that it looks a bit like a death cap or something from amanita or agaricus genus, more pics incoming thank you

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>>2447940
One of the scales, mostly white with the slightest pink/yellow/brown tinge it is quite beautiful

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>>2447940
And finally the gills, any help or discussion is greatly appreciated. I am hoping that this is edible, either way it has been my most exciting mycoligical find so i dont really mind if it isn't.

>>2447940
Amanita muscaria var. alba? I don't know Amanitas, but this is what comes to mind.

>>2447958
>>2447940
The concentric rings of volva remnants are a key feature to ID'ing muscaria, but I am not claiming familiarity with Virginia species.
I would agree with A. muscaria var. alba.

>>2447698
Looks to me like a Hypholoma species. I assume the tree was rotten.
Are the gills green or yellowish in person? Does any part of it strike you as "neon"?
Hypholoma fasciculare is the species if so.

>>2447700
Not sure on this one. Any odor? Same tree as the other one?

>>2447940
Oh, and a tip. Two very easy ways to distinguish Agaricus (a genus with many edibles and some mildly toxic species) and Amanita (a genus with some edibles, some toxic, and a decent number deadly),
Agaricus will have pigmented gills except when in button stage, where they may be pink, white, or grayish. At the "cap open" stage of a specimen like yours, the gills would definitely be either pink, chocolate brown, or "pinkish chocolate brown".
The fact they are still stark white at this age is an immediate identifier that puts you in the ballpark of Amanitas and Lepiotoids.
The other key feature is that all Amanita species have an egg stage, where the immature mushroom is enclosed in tissue (called a universal veil). As it "hatches" out of the veil, remnants are left at the base of the stem (the volva), and in various patterns on the specimen. In A. muscaria, the volva is noticeable as concentric rings, and the "warts" on the cap are actually pieces of the veil that stuck to it as it hatched. As far as I know only two genuses possess volvas. Amanita, and Volvariella. Volvariella has a few edibles, but it doesn't occur in most of the US. Seeing a volva immediately distinguishes Amanitas, so always keep an eye out if you have a specimen with white gills. (like an edible Lepiotoid)

>>2448092
It stained yellow after awhile

>>2448092
Different tree (they were dead trees btw) and some of the ones in the third pic were growing out of the ground too

>>2448417
Is it possible to get photos in sunlight? I would like to see the true colors.

>>2447700
>>2448419
I am going to guess it as a Conocybe, based on gills, stem, and cap shape. Can you get a spore print?

>>2447707
Thanks! I did cut them in half, and no blue staining occurred even after several hours. No picture, unfortunately. What do you think?

>>2447958
>>2448092
Fly agaric guy here thanks for the id, i had no idea that ghese grew allover and i could just find this famous and iconic mushroom near my home
>>2448097
And thank you that was very informative i have started developing an interest in mycology as a result of an interest in foraging so i am prioritising knowledge of edible specimens. Haha and dont worry i didnt mean the fly agaric

>>2448990
Amanita muscaria are quite common. I have lived in regions which only had vars. formosa and alba and now live in an areas with var. muscaria.

Var. alba is my favourite; it's not as showy but there is something really nice about the white on white.

I often find them hanging in tree branches in the fall. Squirrels hang and dry them in this manner, take a look for them in the trees this fall.

>>2446384
Yeah, in the past it was all microarrays, which prevented anyone from studying less popular species (making your own microarray for a new species is nearly impossible). Nowadays you can easily do cDNA libraries or, even better, qPCR. With qPCR you are only looking at genes of interest, which means the cost of such experiments are tiny. You do need a close relative that can function as a good reference genome sequence and a relatively low-coverage genome sequence of your organism to identify your genes of interest. Of course, you'd need to design good qPCR primers.

fyi; molecular biologist working on entomopathogenic fungi right now.

As for the guy going on about how phylogeneticists are simply rearranging perfectly good phylogenies: if done right, it's super useful and you can learn amazing things from it. Bacillus thuringiensis phylogenetic trees are a great example. They were all separated based on morphology but it turned out some are more related to cereus than to eachother. That's highly valuable knowledge for safe application of Bt's and teaches us a lot about horizontal gene transfer.

>>2449177
Of course there are cases where it's incredibly useful, I'm not disputing that. My beef is with Dr. Noname McFuckwit splitting a genus apart for absolutely no reason except to attach his name to the new genera so he can get his fifteen seconds of fame for the new pointless taxon. I'm sorry, but the thinner hymenium on Baorangia is not enough to distinguish it from Boletus in any practical sense (read: anyone who is actually trying to ID a specimen found in the field). It's just confusing younger mycologists who often learn more traditional taxonomy from the old myco professors, and mycology is already a science that suffers greatly from the lack of clear communication between scientists and the laymen/hobbyists. Obfuscating things further by shuffling genera and species around based on molecular studies is going to do a lot more harm to the field than good if it keeps being done with such flimsy justification.

What are the best/easiest breeds of mushroom you can cultivate at home?

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Some Meripilus giganteus I found

>>2449177
Very interesting. There are two forms of growth, carpogenic and vegetative, and we are very in the dark as to what makes them different, and what suits them best. I think that would be useful in revealing exactly what the fungus' goal is at a given period.
I am behind in my Molecular genetics, and biochem, but wouldn't an mRNA study be kind of limiting? I know that a lot of fungal enzymes can have a few different purposes. Wouldn't that make it a lot harder to start making guesses?

That is some interesting work. I assume you are looking at it from a pesticides perspective?

>>2449184
I know what you mean and there is definitely some over-enthusiastic splitting going on. But we shouldn't accept polyphyletic genera merely because pursuing a monophyletic-based taxonomy relying on molecular characters would confuse the poor field mycologists/amateurs.

In the past, people used primarily sensory data to justify novel species and genera. Now we can use molecular sequences to do so, with any other morphological, ecological, biological, chemotaxonomic etc data to support their distinction.

Baorangia is clearly basal to Boletus based on the four-gene phylogeny, which was a paper including Roy Halling as an author, who isn't exactly a shlub when it comes to this family.

Just because things look similar to the unaided eye doesn't mean they should be categorized together based on convenience. This is absurd and will ultimately obscure a phylogenetic-based taxonomy.

>>2450403
Pretty! Looks a lot like the Phaeolus schweinitzii in my region

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ew

Maryland

>>2451092
Fungi only bro, get the heck outta here with that thing

>>2451092
>>2451123
Yeah, what he said.
Immature slime mold plasmodium

>>2448802
It's an edible bolete but it looks like too many bugs got at it. Cut it up and toss it in the compost

New thread
>>2452270

>>2428181
At first i thought that those were ground beef patties.

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Found these growing on a dead tree

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>>2454563

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>>2454566
Are these hypholoma species?

>>2449073
Yes i did not recognize it because of the white on white but i think that it was very striking and majestic in its own regard. i think that i prefer the appearance of variation alba

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What type of fungi is this?

>>2456137
A slime mold! This belongs over here. >>2452270

>>2454574
>>2454566
>>2454563
You too. See your answer in >>2452270

Has anyone figured out a way to grow morels? Ive always heard tjat its impossible to grow them by hand.