Why was there a shift from the city/county state model of the

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>>3135897
The model of italy and germany came out of a weak emperor struggling to maintain power over the church and nobility

technically the HRE was a single state until the napoleonic wars and itally was technically part of it until the peace of westphallia

it was a result of feudalism gone wrong, other european nations struggled with it as well and in some of them it ended with a strong parliament of nobles having power over a weak king(England, Poland) and in others it lead to absolute monarchial power(Russia, France, Denmark, Sweden), not sure about Spain and Portugal

>>3136864

Oh and as to why large states emerged, Napoleon and the French revolution introduced the ideas of liberalism, democracy, nationalism and the nation-state, and germans and italians wanted to be united their own nation-state that will serve their national interests and represent them and not in states defined by some monarch or noble

>>3135897
Sorry anon, I'm gonna need more pics of Scottish anime girls....

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>>3136964
Last one I have

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>>3136968
thanks I'll give you what I have in return buddy

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>>3136981
Had that one. Ree desu

>>3135897
Except the HRE was a large state, and so was Russia. Spain was hardly more centralized than the HRE at times, it just had less tendancies to civil war. Can't define a state retroactively based on centralization when the contemporary people though of themselves as one.

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>>3137094
>Except the "H" """R""" """""""E""""""" was a large """state"""

>>3136881
>French Revolution introduced the ideas of liberalism, democracy, nationalism, and the nation-state
I'm pretty sure the American Revolution did that.

Napoleon just introduced a form of pre-fascism

>>3136864
In Iberia it depended on the kingdom. The power of the Aragonese king was extremely weak, the Castilian one had a firmer grip but still had to deal with the problems of being the biggest spanish realm including plenty of infighting when the monarch wasn't powerful enough. The united spanish monarchy inherited this problems and the aragonese territories spent most of the Habsburg era being a pain in the ass to rule. With the Bourbons Spain was basically France lite.

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>>3135897
>>3136968
>this ""art""

>>3137494
Nobody cared about some brits chimping on the other side of the sea, without the french revolution taking the torch Europe would've never accepted the liberal meme.

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>>3137494