Were they really bipeds, or just glorified chimpanzees and miocene apes?
Fun fact : If we didn't decide to stand up and walk on two feet while evolving, and kept walking on our hands and legs, we wouldn't have most of our health problems today, including prostate, spine problems, increased risk of heart problems, etc...
>>8278511
>implying evolution is decision-based rather than environment and mutation-based.
>>8278511
I get the spinal and bone stuff, but what proof is there for prostate and heart problems?
>For this thread we just despite the fact, that electronic charges would just rip this whole thing apart.
What would a kilogramm of electrons look like? Which color would it have, would it act similarish to a liquid, a solid or a gas? Would it be a "seethrought" material? Density? Have fun!
>What would a kilogramm of electrons look like?
Like a lot of empty space since electrons don't like sticking together
>>8278468
They would diffuse immidiately so you probably cannot see them
That's a fuckload of electrons m8
Hello /sci/, any of you bois into Îto Calculus?
I'm especially interested in the Heston model and stochastic integrals. If you've got any good resources on this, please post them here.
I'm a bit curious as well about how /sci/ bros into calculus.
My masters thesis topic pivoted from being about plant ecology (lame/boring) to focusing on physics modelling (interesting/based) which I'm keeping my head above water on, even though I've never taken a physics class and I barely squeaked through Calc 2 (~7 years ago when I was a dumb nihilistic kid - I'd do much better now that I actually care about learning).
I could really use some kind of thoroughly distilled undergrad-level primer book to drill the basics of this stuff into my head.
>>8278414
Mathematica has some nice tools for SDEs. Here's what the equations on the "Heston model" Wikipedia page look like with parameters that I pulled out of my ass.
>>8278414
I used to do a lot of studying of that stuff back when I went through a mathematical finance phase. Unfortunately I've lost all of my notes from that.
Ultimately though they're basically just integrals of random processes. It's seeing what you'd get assuming the process follows a certain distribution. A CDF is essentially the distribution of the Ito integral of the random process that is distributed according to the corresponding PDF.
Pag.16.
Let [math]\{E_{i}\}[/math] be a sequence of subsets (indexed set of subsets) of [math]X[/math] ([math]E_{i}\subset X[/math] for all [math]i \in \mathbb{N}=\{1,2,...\}[/math]). We define [math]E^{*}[/math] as the set of points [math]x \in X[/math] which belong to [math]X[/math] for infinitely many values of [math]i[/math]. Similarly we say that [math]x \in E_{*}[/math] if [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] except for a finite number of [math]i[/math]s (i.e. we have [math]n \in \mathbb{N}[/math] such that [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for all [math]i>n[/math]). It follows that [math]E_{*}\subset E^{*}[/math]. The converse is false: if [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for [math]i=2n,n\in \mathbb{N}[/math] then [math]i=2,4,...[/math] and [math]x \in E^{*}[/math] but [math]x \not \in E_{*}[/math].
>>8278063
Let [math]\{E_{i}\}[/math] such that (s.t.) [math]E_{1}\subset E_{2}\subset E_{3}\subset ...[/math]. Then we prove that [math]\cup_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}=E^{*}=E_{*}[/math]. We start from [math]\cup_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}=E^{*}[/math]: if [math]x \in \cup_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}[/math] then [math]\exists i\in \mathbb{N}[/math] ([math]\cup_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}=\cup_{n \in \mathbb{N}}E_{i}[/math]) s.t. [math]x \in E_{i}[/math]. But [math]E_{i}\subset E_{i+n}[/math] for all [math]n \in \mathbb{N}[/math] hence [math]x \in E^{*}[/math]. If [math]x \in E^{*}[/math] then [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for infinite many values of [math]i[/math] hence for at least one [math]i[/math] we have [math]x \in E_{i}\subset \cup_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}[/math]. [math]E^{*}=E_{*}[/math]: we already know that [math]E_{*}\subset E^{*}[/math]. If [math]x \in E^{*}[/math] then [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for inf. [math]i[/math] hence for at least one [math]i[/math], [math]x \in E_{i}\subset E_{i+n}[/math] for all [math]n \in \mathbb{N}[/math] so we don't care if [math]x \not \in E_{j}[/math] for [math]j=1,..,i-1[/math] and [math]E^{*}\subset E_{*}[/math] follows.
>>8278064
Let [math]\{E_{i}\}[/math] s.t. [math]E_{1}\supset E_{2}\supset E_{3}\supset ...[/math]. Then we prove that [math]\cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}=E^{*}=E_{*}[/math]. We start from [math]\cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}=E^{*}[/math]: if [math]x \in \cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}[/math] then [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for all [math]i \in \mathbb{N}[/math] hence [math]x \in E^{*}[/math]. If [math]x \in E^{*}[/math] then [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for inf. many [math]i[/math]. Suppose there is an [math]i[/math] s.t. [math]x\not \in E_{i}[/math] (so [math]x \not \in \cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}[/math]). Then [math]x \not \in E_{i+n}[/math] for every [math]n \in \mathbb{N}[/math] since [math]E_{i+n}\subset E_{i}[/math]; from this [math]x \not \in E^{*}[/math]. Follows that [math]x \in \cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}[/math] if [math]x \in E^{*}[/math]. Now [math]E^{*}\subset E_{*}[/math]: [math]\cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}=E^{*}[/math] so showing [math]\cap_{i=1}^{\infty}E_{i}\subset E_{*}[/math] would be proving the same thing. If [math]x \in \cap_{i=1}^{\infty}[/math] then [math]x \in E_{i}[/math] for all [math]i \in \mathbb{N}[/math] hence [math]x \in E_{*}[/math] from the definition of [math]E_{*}[/math].
If anyone of you guys is interested I can dumb down more of this book and upload the latex code on github or somewhere else.
Can /sci/ recomend me an undergrad level book on differential equations avaiable in pdf with link please? Thanks.
>>8277915
>avaiable in pdf with link please
>what is libgen
>>8277915
Nice tits.
>>8277920
Sort of rude, but thanks.
How can we marsform Terra?
It's only fair!
>>8277770
We'll build a wall and make Terra pay for it.
>>8277776
77777 get
First we need to get rid of the magnetosphere.
Then we can lose the atmosphere to solar winds.
It will also be necessary to reduce mass, e.g. by sending SpaceX rockets out of the solar system.
Painting the surface red is also a good step in the right direction.
Are physics majors welfare queens?
>>8277731
No. Only statistics majors who make these silly charts. :-D
>>8277925
No statistics major would ever use a pie chart
Ok. These memes are retarded and old now. Not all physics major go on to do research in physics. Similarly, not everyone with a comp sci major goes on to grad school to work in machine learning or actual computer science.
Can you do good science wwithout mathematical models?
>>8277737
So Darwin was a bad scientist?
>>8277737
So Tesla was a bad scientist?
/sci/ will probably insist that you can't, but in fact you can. But it would limit the scope of questions that you can address.
What are the health risks of vaping, the same as smoking, or not as bad as smoking? WORSE than smoking? Does anyone even know??
Talking points:
Is inhaling hot vape smoke harmful to the lungs? What is it made of?
Is Nicotine itself harmeful to the body?
Are there any regulations that currently dont exist but need to exist for vaping?
>>8277705
Isn't it just water and nicotine?
Or are there other dangerous chemicals lurking within the smoke of vape
>>8277705
Vaping also has a tendency to increase ones arrogance and condescension which can result in getting them beaten up
>>8277705
>What are the health risks of vaping, the same as smoking, or not as bad as smoking? WORSE than smoking? Does anyone even know??
There was some noise about the flavoring being a carcinogen, but nothing seemed to come of that.
>Talking points:
>Is inhaling hot vape smoke harmful to the lungs? What is it made of?
Nicotine and flavoring, as far as I know.
>Is Nicotine itself harmeful to the body?
Not really.
>Are there any regulations that currently dont exist but need to exist for vaping?
Smoking regulations are regularly applied to it, they're probably overkill but they prevent people from being assholes about it. Legally, anyway.
How can I know if I'm smart enough to be a proficient and profitable programmer? I'm thinking of jumping into Java but I'm afraid of hitting a wall.
>>8277672
How old are you OP ? You don't have to be good at maths to be a programmer. You just need to understand how code work and how to do thing.
If you just want to code, it's okay. Only PhD need to be extremly good at mathematics to create new algorithm / computer structure.
We have to stop this BS with maths = computer sience, only a smal amount of people need it. The rest can live without.
Sincerly, a computer scientist doing a MBI.
>>8277678
Btw, to be a good programer, you just need to like what you're doing and pratice, again and again. I started by studying Computer Networking but I did learn HTML CSS and PHP by myself. It's not great-great, but I'm doing far better than most people that learn it in school because thay just learn it to learn it.
Love what you do, do it well.
>>8277678
>You don't have to be good at maths to be a programmer
sure, if you wanna be a monkey
HOW DO YOU SOLVE THIS
Fuck you /sci/ you cuks post this shit and don't post how to solve
the answer
is 4
50 + a + b = 180
10 + 40 + b + a = 180
???
profit
A new semester is nearly upon us.
What are your academic goals for this semester, /sci/?
pass all my exams and have a 4 month break.
>>8277579
Learn how to solve ODE's, Neural nets and Image Processing.
>>8277579
Get physically, psychologically and financially well enough to pass a few courses this winter.
Then check this proof out!
useful in statistical mechanics and quantum chemistry
>Hopetal
What's wrong with you? Is Hôpital.
>>8277557
Stop trying to hurt my feelings. Joke's on you because it's not going to work!
>>8277545
Are you an undergrad?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYB8IZa5AuE
Wtf I love linear algebra now
>not submitting to linear-chan
Yeah, the series is pretty great
>>8277508
>3b1b is pretty great
ftfy
If every initial condition of the universe is known, could anything truly be random?
woah damn bro you are a really deep thinker
>>8277221
I was wondering something similar.
If we have a unified theory and a set of formulas for that.
Could we predict what was the state of a person that lived 200 years ago and copy that inside a computer?