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Archived threads in /his/ - History & Humanities - 3862. page

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So /pol/ told me to come here. About to have a debate in a few hours and my side of the debate is to list ways in which the organizations at the time (hegemons or international institutions) could have prevented the World Wars while at the same time using the economic interconnectitveness of the nations at the time to grow more wealthy/powerful themselves.

The other guy is going to debate reasons why the war war inevitable no matter what the organizations did. My friend will record the debate. I hope you help and enjoy the results.
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>war war

Sorry I meant world wars
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If everyone had just decided to bomb Prussia when they started to make a fuzz with Denmark everything would have been fine.
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You're definitely on the harder side of the debate.

If the great powers of the time could have somehow formed a proto league of nations, passed SUCCESSFUL arms reduction treaties to stop the arms race, not had the big alliances which ended up dragging everyone into the war, signed free trade deals...

Basically what kept peace after WW2 was the Bretton Woods economic system, the european economic community (proto-EU) + nukes, and none of that was really possible pre-war, there just wasn't any intellectual support, or public awareness or anything of that nature. Neither did any of the powers realise how bad the war would be in terms of casualties and the massive destruction of accumulated wealth of Europe.

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Which events, people, time periods are most crucial to understanding the modern middle east and its problems? What materials would you recommend? Especially for someone without a foundation.

All I've read so far is The Looming Tower and some other books on terror. Looking into Robert Fisk's Great War for Civilisation but have heard mixed things.
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Anything covering the fall of the ottoman empire(as well as western interaction with it), the effects of the first world war on the region and then the influence of ideology and the cold war.
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British colonization of Iraq and subsequent influence on ex-colonial regimes by the British after the 8 February revolution left more scars than anything else
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>>876894
Gulf and Iraq wars are also very relevant

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What did Diogenes of Sinope think of Socrates? Did he even have an opinion of him?
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He apparently thought Socrates was mad, thats all ever mentioned between the two.

Specifically the story goes something like "Plato once described Diogenes as a Socrates gone mad, but Diogenes scolded him for being redundant"
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>>876854
Isn't he one of Socrates' disciples?
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>>876864
>Diogenes
>a disciple of Socrates

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How did Scientology get so widespread and powerful?
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>>876808
I mean people paint it as crazy but their initial practices and meditations are actually quite useful and when you start out it's almost a nice little religion. So it's quite easy to get wrapped up in it and forget about Jesus and succumb the The devil's trick. See any religion that doesn't explicit state the Jesus Christ is Lord is a false religion and is spread by evil.
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>>876808
I would assume predatory recruiting plays a significant part in securing new members.
Sunk cost fallacy.
Attachment to others in the cult.
Their openly antagonistic behavior towards apostasy.
Their hostile bullying of members.

I can't explain how it got powerful because I have no idea how this "Religion" hasn't been shut down yet.
I assume nepotism and outright infiltration of government plays a role.
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>>876808
Tom Cruise.

Their members literally increased 10+ fold after he endorsed it.

It's not very powerful or widespread now nor was it in the pre-Cruise era, it always exagerates it's numbers.

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Serious thread:

How did the Nationalists win the Spanish Civil War? Most of the historiography I've seen is from various leftist perspectives which want to exonerate their faction for the Republic's ultimate fall (eg, 'Stalin a good boy, he dindu nuffin, fuck POUM'), and the Nationalists are almost a secondary force. How did they win? What was their support base in the population? Were they a genuinely popular or elite movement?

Thanks /his/
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>>876669

Franco had like 90% of the Regular Army, the entire Colonial Army and the active support of Italians and Germans.

The Republic had enthusiatic common people grouped around a variety of, often clashing, political factions and Ruskys selling them crap war material for literal gold.

The wonder is they managed to last 3 years.
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>>876669
>How did the Nationalists win the Spanish Civil War?
Nazi Germany and Italy, specially Italy considering his relative size in Europe, spent a shit ton of money and don't get me started in the Condor legion and the CVT.

Also the nationalist side was far more concentrated into winning than killing each other, I can't say the same about the republican side...
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>>876753
Franco was a sneaky bastard.

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In your opinion, how important is the printed book in the 21st century?
Keep in mind these points:
>Technological alternatives
>Practical advantages
>Educational issues
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Books>alternatives.

http://www.fastcodesign.com/3048297/evidence/everything-science-knows-about-reading-on-screens
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I honestly think books will be entirely phased out in 50 years. There's just such an advantage to e-book readers and electronic storage. I can store literally 100,000 books on my harddrive, and already such a harddrive is every mans property. Universities and schools will just issue every student an e-book reader, or similar device, instead of books.
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>>876311
>http://www.fastcodesign.com/3048297/evidence/everything-science-knows-about-reading-on-screens

I just skimmed that article.

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The war on drugs: Is it a genuine public health crusade or an attempt to carry out what author Michelle Alexander characterizes as "the New Jim Crow"?

A new report by Dan Baum for Harper's Magazine suggests the latter. Specifically, Baum refers to a quote from John Ehrlichman, who served as domestic policy chief for President Richard Nixon when the administration declared its war on drugs in 1971. According to Baum, Ehrlichman said in 1994 that the drug war was a ploy to undermine Nixon's political opposition — meaning, black people and critics of the Vietnam War:

At the time, I was writing a book about the politics of drug prohibition. I started to ask Ehrlichman a series of earnest, wonky questions that he impatiently waved away. "You want to know what this was really all about?" he asked with the bluntness of a man who, after public disgrace and a stretch in federal prison, had little left to protect. "The Nixon campaign in 1968, and the Nixon White House after that, had two enemies: the antiwar left and black people. You understand what I'm saying? We knew we couldn't make it illegal to be either against the war or black, but by getting the public to associate the hippies with marijuana and blacks with heroin, and then criminalizing both heavily, we could disrupt those communities. We could arrest their leaders, raid their homes, break up their meetings, and vilify them night after night on the evening news. Did we know we were lying about the drugs? Of course we did."
http://www.vox.com/2016/3/22/11278760/war-on-drugs-racism-nixon
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Well, this will be an interest-
>Vox
wew lad.
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>>876277
The article mentions Harper's Magazine. A very reputable magazine.
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http://harpers.org/archive/2016/04/legalize-it-all/

And about Harper's Magazine:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper's_Magazine

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I know Henry VIII is supposed to be the vision of a strong king, but has there been a king anymore beta than him when it comes to women?

Consider his wives...

1. Catherine of Aragon... was supposed to marry the older brother until he died. Oh well, any Tutor son is as good as the next.

2. Anne Boleyn... wouldn't put out until he married her. Henry went for it, even though it meant killing off his most loyal friends and setting the country up for decades of violence.

3. Jane Seymour... finally a wife that gave him a son, but she dies off a few days later.

4. Anne of Cleves... gets engaged to a women he's never seen. Trusts the painter to make a life-like image, but he airbrushes her so much that Henry doesn't realize he's a sucker until it's too late.

5. Catherine Howard... was fucking around with anyone who happened to be handy.

6. Catherine Parr.... and old lady, a bit of a nag, but he was a dying old man, so I guess that's good enough.
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He wrote a song called Pastime with Good Company, which is very catchy.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YcDFOu6qWw
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>>875583

I didn't know he was the Justine Beiber of his day.

From what I read, this was written when he first landed on the throne.

I'd hate to see the song he would write near the end.
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>>875572
Henry allowed his feeling for women to define everything about him, including how he governed his state and his personal faith. Its the most beta shit I've ever heard of. Anne Boleyn was the most successful beta hunter of all time ... other then the beheading thing.

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How do filthy continentals recover after reading the below greentext? Zizek? BTFO! Hegel? BTFO! Nietzsche? BTFO!

Even Stirner, who I like, wrote a big fat boring book that could have been two pages long at most.

Why does the government give money to those sneaky conniving continentals? False analogies, over-extrapolation, appeals to authority, flowery and dense and incoherent language, over-abstraction, not speaking English, 100% unfalsifiable assertions, disgusting pseudo-scientific use of scientific concepts, the use of fiction / jokes in order to create false analogies, complete ignorance of empirical data... is there no length the Eternal Continental will not go to in order to gain followers and a juicy book deal with Verso or their alternative publisher of choice?

>What you’re referring to is what’s called “theory.” And when I said I’m not interested in theory, what I meant is, I’m not interested in posturing–using fancy terms like polysyllables and pretending you have a theory when you have no theory whatsoever. So there’s no theory in any of this stuff, not in the sense of theory that anyone is familiar with in the sciences or any other serious field. Try to find in all of the work you mentioned some principles from which you can deduce conclusions, empirically testable propositions where it all goes beyond the level of something you can explain in five minutes to a twelve-year-old. See if you can find that when the fancy words are decoded. I can’t. So I’m not interested in that kind of posturing.Žižekis an extreme example of it. I don’t see anything to what he’s saying. Jacques Lacan I actually knew. I kind of liked him. We had meetings every once in awhile. But quite frankly I thought he was a total charlatan. He was just posturing for the television cameras in the way many Paris intellectuals do. Why this is influential, I haven’t the slightest idea. I don’t see anything there that should be influential.
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He's got a point but maybe insists on it a bit too much. I don't think continental philosophy says 'nothing,' but what it says, it says with an extreme lack of clarity that's kind of annoying. It's closer to the arts than to the sciences in that it develops 'themes' and 'motifs' moreso than testable hypotheses, but that doesn't mean there's no reason to study it.
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>actually not understanding the coffee without milk or dusty balls jokes
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>Why does the government give money to those sneaky conniving continentals

They don't. Continental philosophy has almost no impact on academic philosophy. It's sold in art galleries and Waterstones to pretentious teenagers, and remains largely unread even by them. These people are hardly a dominating force in academic, hoovering up all the research grants.
The main effect of continental philosophy is to make laymen think that philosophy is bullshit.

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>Walk into India
>Completely destroy local civilization
>Fail to set up your own for some hundreds of years
May anyone tell me what's the matter with all these people on here who are claiming to be the purest Indo Europeans around (Like nordicists)
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>>875380
The IVC was already dead when the Aryans arrived. The Aryans were pretty impressive for their oral religious culture, whether Iranian Zoroastrianism or Indian Vedas. The way thousands of Vedic hymns and mantras as well as the entire Avesta were preserved entirely by memory for thousands of years is pretty incredible.

You're right in that they had no real civilization for their first millennium in India (while the Iranians adopted it from Elam/Mesopotamia).

>what's the matter with all these people on here who are claiming to be the purest Indo Europeans around
No more autistic than the people who claim they're superior because they have 'Neanderthal blood'. I guess it's just a holdover from the early 20th century when nobody really knew shit about the actual Aryans and assumed they were all some glorious warrior race.
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>>875380

there was no Aryan invasion

stop clinging onto myths perpetrated by half learned 19th century orientalists
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>>877208
t. pajeet

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I'm out of the loop. Has this idea been abandoned? Are people still trying to make it happen? What does /his/ think?

Why is starting a language over from scratch considered a good idea? If you want an neutered, unchanging language can't you just learn French? How is it efficient for two people to each master a third language instead of studying each others and meeting halfway, if not simply asking one to accommodate for the other?

Even besides that, doesn't Esperanto take almost every part of grammer and structure from existing European languages, hence nullifying the idea of the language as some sort of "easily mastered by anyone" language of equality?

What's the appeal?
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>>875350
>What's the appeal?

Pic related.

Esperanto is the product of pure buttautism.
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>>875350
If I recall right, learning Esperanto is really fucking easy.
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>>875350
Even more confusingly, there are several rivals for Esperanto and no one really knows which language will become the standard in the end (if ever.) Esperanto is the one most people heard of (even if they've never heard it spoken), but a single marketing campaign could turn that around.

On the flip side, Esperanto has official divine approval from a Japanese deity, so if you're a weeb it's an easy choice.

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>tfw you'll never serve under the greatest general of all time, Subutai, and BTFO the entire of Russia with a mere scouting force despite being betrayed, starved and half frozen

anyone else know this feel?
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Do you think Subutai and friends would have taken the HRE if Ögedei hadn't died and all the Khan's had to pull back to hold a kurultai to elect a new Khagan?
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>>874892
Yes.
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>>874892
probably

Was Jesus a mushroom?
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>>874786

so is this book any good? Is it suggesting that Jesus was just an hallucination from a mushroom? Or is it just trying to demonstrate a connection between two religious traditions?
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>>874786
Lenin was.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NI_CSKSshWg
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>>874795
/thread

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Did NASA tone down the official story?
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>>874163
they burned alive because they thought it would be cool with 100% oxygen pressurized atmosphere, velcro everywhere and 100000 small thingies that could give off sparks at any second. they even ignored all warnings.

if that's the toned down version, what really happened?
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Official conclusion is that they were asphyxiated within about half a minute of fire breaking out. Rumours from technicians present have involved a cable whipping around and almost decapitating someone, for instance.
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>>874163
NASA and the Challenger disaster is often discussed in social psychology and sociology due to being a perfect example of a phenomena called "group think" that tend to emerge in heterogeneous groups, especial if it's a group of people expected to be very competent at what they're doing. The investigations afterwards could see truly huge fuck-ups and people have tried to find explanations of it. Taken from http://courses.washington.edu/psii101/Powerpoints/Symptoms%20of%20Groupthink.htm

> Symptoms of Groupthink

> What are the signs that group loyalty has caused members to slip into a groupthink mentality? Janis listed eight symptoms that show that concurrence seeking has led the group astray. The first two stem from overconfidence in the group’s prowess. The next pair reflect the tunnel vision members use to view the problem. The final four are signs of strong conformity pressure within the group. I’ll illustrate many of the symptoms with quotes from the Report of the Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Disaster

> 1. Illusion of Invulnerability. Despite the launchpad fire that killed three astronauts in 1967 and the close call of Apollo 13, the American space program had never experienced an in-flight fatality. When engineers raised the possibility of catastrophic O-ring blow-by, NASA manager George Hardy nonchalantly pointed out that this risk was ‘‘true of every other flight we have had." Janis summarizes this attitude as ‘‘everything is going to work out all right because we are a special group."11

> 2. Belief in Inherent Morality of the Group. Under the sway of groupthink, members automatically assume the rightness of their cause. At the hearing, engineer Brian Russell noted that NASA managers had shifted the moral rules under which they operated: ‘‘I had the distinct feeling that we were in the position of having to prove that it was unsafe instead of the other way around."

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What went wrong /his/? And what could have gone better?
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what DIDN'T go wrong?
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Nothing went wrong and it's something in the making. The board is too slow for meta-threads.

The only then I can think of would be if there was a sticky like the one on /sci/.
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>>873946
Well I was referring more to Mobutu, not to /his/ specifically.

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