What would've happened next?
Germany would launch a failed attack on the Soviet Union.
>>3393721
You're assuming that, if Hitler had defeated Britain, the entire Empire would automatically be allied to Germany?
Well, Hitler would still have invaded Russia and been blown the fuck out.
>>3393721
With no British Empire to protect her colonies, War Plan Red would have been executed, Canada and Newfoundland would have been Annexed. Australia and New Zealand would have broken away from the Empire. The Brits who would try to escape German Occupation would most likely end up in India or Australia.
Was there ever a time where an African nation was equal or greater than Europe in context of civilian /comfy/ level?
> ignoring the obvious answer of Mesopotamia
>>3393599
>mesopotamia
>africa
Ummmm
>>3393599
Easy. Egypt, Kingdom of Kush, Swahili etc etc
Egypt counts
What are some lesser known legends and figures of folklore?
>>3393447
>>3393447
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirime
Always found this one interesting as it keeps coming up in so many different folklores, but unlike, say, dragons, vampires, and werewolves, never became a Hollywood staple. Always seems to involve a floating head with its entrails still attached. The exact function of the ghost seems to vary from causing miscarriages by sticking their tongues in women, to drinking blood, or eating the guts of their victims and adding them to their own. The Malaysian variant, whose only claim to fame is a spot in some hold D&D monster manuals, is called the Penanggalan.
The Burmese "Kephn" is the disembodied head and stomach of a wizard who drinks the very souls of the living, and the "Phii Krasue" of Thailand is a crawling, long-tongued Penanggalan lookalike who feeds on blood, intestines, and excrement straight from the rear end of her victims. The Babylonians had another unborn baby eating variant, that seems to be related to the liland owl-demons, that similarly cause miscarriages, sometimes at the behest of scorned Jewish women, who also seem to have adapted them to their folklore.
Why have so relatively many writing systems that are written from the right to the left (which is awkward for a large part of the world population) been created and survived into modern use, while seemingly no bi-directional ones have survived, which while equally awkward for both right-handed and left-handed people to write, can be read faster?
I read somewhere that right-to-left is more convenient for right-handed chisellers to use chisels on stone; whereas left-to-right is more convenient for right-handed ink-users not to smudge the ink.
And this was (possibly) why Greek/Sanskrit went from right-to-left, or even boustrophedon, to left-to-right.
>>3393569
But why is Arabic written from right to left? That script can't possibly have ever been chiseled.
>>3393682
Inscribed Arabic is very rare, as that part of the world used Nabatean before the Arabic letters came about. And that's much easier to engrave.
I guess they never thought to reverse the writing direction after moving to ink.
Hello /his/! /g/oy here.
I've been trying to create a comprehensive analysis of WWII, but I'm lacking a few sources to cite from. Does anyone have any books or documents they find interesting that they could recommend?
General WWII Literature thread
>>3393258
The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_the_Third_Reich
>>3393258
With the Old Breed by Eugene Sledge and Catch-22 should be mandatory reading for all WW2 history classes.
Here's some resources I have, extending into things like the battle of Khalkhin Gol:
>Forgotten Ally: China's WW2 by Rana Mitter
About the second Sino-Japanese War
>Japan 1941 by Eri Hotta
Talks about the political situation in Japan that led up to the decision to go to war in 1941
>In the Skies of Nomonhan: Japan Versus Russia May - September 1939 by Dimitar Nedialkov
Looks at the air war component of the Battle of Khalkhin Gol
>Nomonhan, 1939: The Red Army's Victory That Shaped World War II by Stuart D. Goldman
Overall look at the Soviet/Japanese border incidents with a focus on the Battle of Khalkhin Gol
>The German War by Nicholas Stargardt
Looks at the home front in Germany during WW2.
>Red Phoenix Rising by Von Hardesty
Looks at the development of the Soviet Air Force over the course of WW2. It demonstrates a lot of these changes by focusing on several campaigns - Barbarossa, Moscow, Stalingrad, Kuban, Bagration, and the offensives of 1945
>Where the Iron Crosses Grow by Robert Forczyk
A look at Crimea in WW2. Covers the air operations from the peninsula after Barbarossa, the German conquest, occupation, liberation by the Soviets, and then immediate aftermath of the liberation.
What happened to him?
he became the white european man.
His ethnic group got eclipsed by Amerindians.
The "why did the USA lose Vietnam" is done do death, so I'd like to discuss South Vietnam itself.
1. What was the South Vietnamese military like compared to the North Vietnamese Army and the Viet Cong in terms of weapons, strength, morale, and capabilities. Who had better commanders?
2. Why and how did South Vietnam get overrun? Did they run out of will to fight? Why wasn't the South Vietnamese military able to hold back Northern forces?
3. Why was there no pro-Western counterpart to the Viet Cong operating in North Vietnam?
>>3393128
>Why and how did South Vietnam get overrun? Did they run out of will to fight? Why wasn't the South Vietnamese military able to hold back Northern forces?
Their entire doctrine relied on American supplies of weapons and ammunition and Air Force help in the case of Northern re-engagement. Then the North Vietnam indeed re-engaged and Americans just pussied out and did nothing.
>>3393128
>1. What was the South Vietnamese military like compared to the North Vietnamese Army and the Viet Cong in terms of weapons, strength, morale, and capabilities. Who had better commanders?
Better armed than the VC, but literally no training because they could not be bothered half the time. Most of them were drug addicts, who didn't give a fuck and avoided fighting at all costs, highly distrusted by the Vietnamese population and the American forces likewise. Officers were highly useless and corrupt to the very top. No moral or reason to die unlike the Cong and NVA who were not only willing to die in the line of duty, but purposefully sacrifice themselves by suicide bombing American forces or using themselves as human decoys/shields regularly.
Or that's what picture I built up from reading eyewitness accounts from grunts that were in 'Nam
>>3393292
t. burger faggot
What went so right?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1941)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Smolensk_(1941)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kharkov
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bia%C5%82ystok%E2%80%93Minsk
>>3393039
Russian incompetence
>>3393039
>so right
>Battle of Smolensk
Barbarossa was fucked up from the beggining, they suffered worse casualty ratio against the Red army than against the French, Smolensk was OKW autism that lost them Moscow
How was life like for a Wehrmacht soldier on the eastern front during WWII when they were being pushed by the soviets?
What was the morale.
>>3392996
Pretty bad I guess.
>>3392996
probably like this
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DyBvmEWYCtI
>>3392996
I am guessing terrible for both questions.
How do you cure someone whose brain has been infected by ideology?
>>3392961
Bullets.
>>3392966
t. ideologue
Socratic debates leading nowhere.
When your counterpart admits to theirselves there isn't a solid logical basis for their moral axioms, they may accept the that their will, wants and emotions are stronger than the chains of their choosing.
Apparently Japanese and Korean are more related to Turkish than they are to Chinese?
Also, apparently Hindi is closer related to English than it is to Telugu/South Indian Sanskrit languages?
Can someone list/explain the major language groups?
I pretty much only know about Proto-Indo-European (like Latin, Greek, Sanskrit) and a little bit about Sino-Tibetian (Chinese/Mongolian?)
PIE root........English........Sanskrit........Lithuanian........Kurdish........Russian........Latin.....
h1nómn̥.........name...........naman...................................nav................imya.............nomine
wiHrós..........man.............vīra................vyras................mirov.................................vir..........
gʷḗn..............woman........jani.........................................jin............... ..zhen..........................
bʰréh2tēr.......brother.........bhrātṛ............brolis................bira.............. .brat.............frāter....
dʰugh2tḗr......daughter......duhitṛ............dukra................dot.................doch.........................
pula-..............hair..............pula...............plaukai.............por.....................................pilus.....
h3bʰrúHs.......brow............bhrû...............bruvis...............birû...............brov...........................
leb-................lip.......................................lūpa..................lêv................lobzat...........labium...
ǵʰes-.............hand.............hasta............žastas..............dest...................................praesto..
h3enogʰ-.......nail............... nakha...........nagas...............nenûk............nogot........................
pṓds.............foot...............pāda.............pėda.................pê..................pesij.............pedibus
h3ésth1..........bone.............asthi......................................hestî...............kost.............ossis.....
mosgo..........brain............majjan...........smegenys........mejî...............mozg........................
h2stḗr.............star..............taras.......................................stêr....................................stella....
Japanese and Korean are not related; refer to Alexander Vovin's recent work, especially his 2009 book: http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-9780824832780.aspx
Mongolian is not Sino-Tibetan, the only larger genetic relation proposed so far for the Mongolic dialect cluster is Altaic, a hypothesis which has been disproven over and over for about a century.
The largest language families accepted by most people other than IE are Sino-Tibetan, Niger-Congo, Austronesian, Afro-Asiatic, Pama-Nyungan, and Trans-New Guinea (in no particular order). Other families are a little smaller
>>3392951
>Apparently Japanese and Korean are more related to Turkish than they are to Chinese?
No one actually believes this.
But it is true that Japanese and Korean are not related to any of the Chinese languages except for borrowed vocabulary.
Just went to my first, and I wonder what /his/ has to say about them.
Personally, it was fun, but I expected to see more Renaissance themed costumes than I did.
>>3392885
When people not in renaissance themes showed up, I went. "Meh, whatevs. Its just a historically themed costume party."
When the LARPers, the Goths, and the Pagans, and Cosplayers showed up, I saw no point to calling them Renaissance Fairs.
>>3392922
I agree, that was kind of disappointing. But the costumes were still pretty cool. Even if the high fantasy fools were clearly at the wrong meeting. The lack of ... purity in costumes might have had something to do with the fact that the fair was hosted by a LARPing group.
>>3392922
What sort of cosplay would you consider acceptable at a fair? Martin Luther, maybe? I admit, if I had the resources, were much taller, and a bit more English looking, I would consider dressing up as Solomon Kane.
Are there any unbiased books/documentaries that talk about the crusades?
>>3392836
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X0zudTQelzI
>>3392848
>>3392836
I'm in the middle of The Crusades by Micheal Asbridge and its a pretty even look. The book switches back and forth Christian and Muslim perspectives. During the former you think "Yes, slay the pagan and secure the future of Outremer for Christendom!" and during the Muslim portions you think "Yes, slay the polytheists and secure the Sunni ummah!"
The big revelation for me, personally, is how big of underdogs the crusaders were. That doesn't mean that all their massacres of arabs/semites were cool or justified as /pol/ would tell you, but they were always in way over their heads and were only succeeded through a mix of ballsiness and luck. Capturing the holy land is one thing, the real miracle is holding it for over a hundred years when you're outnumbered by muslims in the tens of thousands.
Also, the muslims are divided. All the factions in Islam right during the period- Abassid, Fatimid, Zangid, Ayyubid, etc. view the crusaders more as a nuisance than anything. All of the different warlords and empires are more set on countering each other than dealing with the dirty, uneducated whites. Some even ally with the crusader states if it means furthering their own goals
Point is, its a fascinating subject, but its impossible to have a discussion about it online without people devolving into whites are the devil/arabs are the devil.
How was Britain supposed to defend Singapore when there's no fresh water?
>>3392812
i'm sure they had water supplies and were hoping for RN to breakthrough the IJN blockade to bring more of them
>>3392832
>i'm sure they had water supplies
There was a million people packed into the city, most of them refugees.
>were hoping for RN to breakthrough the IJN blockade to bring more of them
RN sent a token force that got BTFO.
>>3393003
well, no one said they were smart but I think that was the initial plan
bear in mind that they heavily underestimated Japanese capabilities
Which country is the most bullied in history
Poland or some Balkan state.
Unironically
>>3392811
Pooland